Anyone who has even but slightly studied the ways of bees will have
noticed that they store their honey above the brood in response to one
of the wonderful instincts bestowed upon them by nature, and it is by
taking advantage of this fact that the bee-keeper who is working for
profit assures himself of one point of success. It is the method of
working standard frames from the brood-chamber as a super by which each
hive is practically made into two--a queenless colony above and a brood
stock below. I have tried pretty well all the systems used in England
and have proved this to be the most successful in securing the purpose
aimed at. For thereby the queen is given plenty of room in which to lay
her eggs, and the bees plenty of accommodation in which to store their
honey.
The method of working this plan is as follows. The bees should be
stimulated in the spring and as soon as the weather is favourable to
swarming the strongest hive should be examined. It the frames are
seen to be covered by the bees, and almost full of brood or stores,
everything is in order for the scheme. The essential point in it is the
removal of the combs from the brood-chamber _minus the queen_.
A super of the same size as the brood-chamber should be prepared and
a similar number of frames to those already in the brood-chamber duly
fitted with empty combs or a sheet of foundation. The first frame
is then removed from the brood-chamber, the bees shaken from it and
placed in a super. The "shaking" should be done by holding the frame
about a foot above the hive and giving it a sharp downward and upward
jerk to displace the bees. Needless to say, great care is necessary in
the operation, as to drop the frame, or crush the bees, would lead to
disaster. When the second frame is removed, an opportunity is afforded
to look for the queen, which may be identified by her larger bulk and
longer legs. Close attention must be given to see that there are no
queen cells in the combs as they are removed, for the presence of a
queen in the super is fatal to the scheme. All queen cells--easily
identified by their acorn shape--therefore, should be removed from the
combs.
After the third frame has been removed the empty ones should be
inserted as each full one is transferred to the super, until the whole
interchange has been effected.
The next proceeding is to place a sheet of queen-excluding zinc over
the brood frames, so that no possible way is open for the queen to gain
access to the super. The super is then placed in position and covered
up. Should the combs contain any drone brood opportunity will have to
be given them to escape after hatching, as they cannot pass through
the queen excluder. This may be done by rolling the quilt back for
about an inch along the whole length of one side, on a bright, sunny
day. The drones will soon find the opening and take flight.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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