THE OLD WATERING TROUGH 180 THE NEW ENGLAND BOY 184 PREFACE TO THE ILLUSTRATED EDITION This volume was first published over twenty years ago. If any of the boys described in it were real, they have long since grown up, got married, gone West, become selectmen or sheriffs, gone to Congress, invented an electric churn, become editors or preachers or commercial travelers, written a book, served a term as consul to a country the language of which they did not know, or plodded along on a farm, cultivating rheumatism and acquiring invaluable knowledge of the most fickle weather known in a region which has all the fascination and all the power of being disagreeable belonging to the most accomplished coquette in the world. The rural life described is that of New England between 1830 and 1850, in a period of darkness, before the use of lucifer matches; but when, although religion had a touch of gloom and all pleasure was heightened by a timorous apprehension that it was sin, the sun shone, the woods were full of pungent scents, nature was strong in its invitations to cheerfulness, and girls were as sweet and winsome as they are in the old ballads. The object of the papers composing the volume—hough "object" is a strong word to use about their waywardness—twas to recall scenes in the boy-life of New England, or the impressions that a boy had of that life. There was no attempt at the biography of any particular boy; the experiences given were common to the boyhood of the time and place. While the book, therefore, was not consciously biographical, it was of necessity written out of a personal knowledge. And I may be permitted to say that, as soon as I became conscious that I was dealing with a young life of the past, I tried to be faithful to it, strictly so, and to import into it nothing of later experience, either in feeling or performance. I invented nothing,—not an adventure, not a scene, not an emotion. I know from observation how difficult it is for an adult to write about childhood. Invention is apt to supply details that memory does not carry. The knowledge of the man insensibly inflates the boyhood limitations. The temptation is to make a psychological analysis of the boy's life and aspirations, and to interpret them according to the man's view of life. It seems comparatively easy to write stories about boys, and even biographies; but it is not easy to resist the temptation of inventing scenes to make them interesting, indulging in exaggerations both of adventure and of feeling which are not true to experience, inventing details impossible to be recalled by the best memory, and states of mind which are psychologically untrue to the boy's consciousness.