=The South Transept= still retains the outline of the arch of the great south window which was blocked up when the four existing Perpendicular windows of four lights each were inserted. A double buttress supports the south-east corner of the transept, and behind this is the present Chapter House. =The East End.=--The south Presbytery aisle was put into proper repair at the time of the general restoration, and new windows were inserted. The upper tier of windows at the east end of the Presbytery have been well restored also by Scott, and his own description[5] may well be given: “In restoring the eastern arm of the church, a question arose which, though but slightly suggested in my first Report, grew upon my mind as we proceeded to such a degree, that it was more than a twelvemonth before I could make up my mind as to which course to take. The case was this: “This wall of the church had originally side walls, much lower than at present, with a high-pitched roof, and was constructed with some view to stone groining, though it is clear that this was never carried out, and was, in fact, deliberately relinquished. “The east end had two ranges of windows, three most magnificent lights below and four above. [Illustration: SOUTH DOORWAY.] “In the fifteenth century the high roof was taken off, the side walls raised by the addition of some six feet of dead wall, the gable lowered, and a very flat, though handsome roof placed upon the walls thus altered; at the same time the upper tier of lancet windows was removed, all but the outer jambs, and the space they occupied converted into a single window in the Perpendicular style, with a very flat arch. “Sometime later still the three great lancet lights below were walled up, owing to the erection of Bishop Vaughan’s chapel behind them. “Finding that the dead wall, thus added to the sides, was a _perfect mine_ of the _débris_ of the ancient upper tier of windows, that the Perpendicular window substituted for them was so decayed as to require renewal, and that the timbers of the late and low-pitched roof were much decayed, it was a tempting idea to restore this limb of the church to its ancient design, and to add groining (if not of stone, at least of oak) as at first contemplated; while opposed to this was the judicious rule laid down by Messrs. Freeman and Jones, the historians of the cathedral, that when ancient alterations had become stereotyped as a part of an historical monument, all change in them not included under the term _restoration_ is set down as to be in itself reprehended, only to be justified by special circumstances, the burden of proving whose existence rests, in every case, with the innovator.