FOOTNOTES: [1] The archbishopric of York arose out of the bishopric of Northumbria in the eighth century. [2] The name in this form is modern. In common speech the street is always 'Stammergate,' which is probably a corruption of 'Stanbriggate.' The latter is the original name of the street, and appears frequently in mediaeval records. It has reference to a stone bridge over a brook where the gas-works now are. The continuation of this street toward the Cathedral is called St. Mary-gate, but this name again seems to be modern, and to have arisen from a notion that 'St. Mary-gate' is the origin of the word 'Stammergate'--a notion which would be rendered more plausible by the fact that this was the situation of the Lady-kirk. [3] The question whether his monastery church stood over the Saxon crypt which exists below the present Cathedral is reserved for Chap. III. [4] For the place of Ripon in the theory of the direct connection of Saxon architecture with the Comacine Guild of Italy, see _The Cathedral Builders_, by Leader Scott, p. 139 _sqq._ [5] An MS. which has been thought to be identical with Wilfrid's gift came into the market recently, and has passed to America. [6] The Saint's return after his long exile is still commemorated at Ripon, early in August, on the first Saturday after Lammas Day, when a man dressed as a Saxon bishop and riding a grey horse is escorted through the streets. [7] This liturgical term sometimes refers to the _burial_ of a saint, sometimes, as here, to the _death_. [8] There is also mention of an Abbot Tylberht, but he may be the same as Tatberht. [9] _I.e._, 'Elves-how'--'the hill of fairies.' Coins of Aella and other early kings have been found in the hill. [10] At a later period the Chapter claimed also that 'St. Wilfrid's men' need not pay tolls when travelling on business through the realm, and on one occasion they issued to a Ripon clerk a kind of passport. [11] Frisia's debt was remembered in the seventeenth century, when one of the Canons of Antwerp wrote an account of Ripon monastery for his countrymen. [12] Until Walbran drew attention to this passage, the rebuilding was attributed to Thurstan. [13] Especially at St. Wilfrid's shrine. [14] It has been suggested that this was the iron which in Saxon times had been used for the ordeal of fire. [15] A Peculiar is a district taken out of its geographical surroundings for purposes of ecclesiastical jurisdiction (_Sir W. Anson_). [16] In later times (at any rate) the Archbishop apparently had a spiritual court of his own. A Chapter minute of 1467 declares a certain person accused of a spiritual offence to be "non de foro Capituli sed de foro Archiepiscopi, unde litterae correctionis emanarunt."