Edward III was born at Windsor in 1312, and his tenure of power began
at a Court held at Wallingford in 1326, though his father was not
deposed until the next year. King Edward wished to hold a Round Table
in imitation of King Arthur, and he invited a number of knights both
English and foreign to assemble at Windsor Castle in 1344. No doubt
a splendid tournament took place and others followed in subsequent
years. In 1347 or 1348 a garter with the motto Hony soit qui mal y
pense was worn as a device at jousts at Windsor, and the institution
of the Order of the Garter in all probability took place at Windsor
in 1348, though some authorities give the date as 1349. At Christmas,
1346, the King was at Reading and a great jousting was held in his
honour, and in 1359 John of Gaunt, afterwards Duke of Lancaster, was
married at Reading, and there was a great pageant and a tournament
in which the King and his sons took part.
During the reign of Edward III, William of Wykeham built, or re-built,
the Round Tower and much of the castle at Windsor. The sword of the
King is still preserved there.
In 1327 Abingdon had a little fight of its own. Some of the
townspeople, assisted by the Mayor of Oxford and it is said by some
scholars, attacked the Abbey and drove out the monks, part of the
buildings being burnt and the muniments destroyed. In the end twelve
of the attacking party were hanged and the monks restored.
In 1361 the Black Prince married Joan the Fair Maid of Kent. The
marriage took place at Windsor, and after her husband's death Joan
lived a good deal at Wallingford.
The reign of Richard II, which lasted from 1377 to 1399, was marked
by constant troubles between the King with his favourites on the
one hand and the nobles on the other. In 1387 Radcot Bridge was the
scene of a fight between the King's party of 5000 men under De Vere,
Duke of Ireland, and Henry Earl of Derby (afterwards Henry IV). De
Vere was defeated, and only escaped by swimming down the Thames.
In 1399 Richard's inglorious reign came to an end. He was deposed in
favour of Henry of Bolingbroke, son of John of Gaunt, who became King
as Henry IV.
14. THE HISTORY OF BERKSHIRE (CONTINUED).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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