Neolithic implements are of stone, but in many cases they are unlike
the older implements in being of polished stone. In the Reading
Museum there is a fine polished flint chisel from Englefield, and also
polished axes from Broadmoor, from Pangbourne, and from the beds of the
Thames and Kennet. In the British Museum there is a beautiful dagger
of flint from a barrow on Lambourn Down. Pretty little arrow-heads have
been found at many places on the downs and in the Wallingford district.
There was in Berkshire a long interval between the Palaeolithic and
the Neolithic Periods, but so far as we know there was no such break
between the Neolithic Period and the Bronze Age. All we can say is
that there was a time when the inhabitants of our district began to
use implements of copper, or of copper alloyed with tin, i.e. bronze,
for some purposes, but they still continued to use implements of stone,
and it is not always possible to say whether a stone implement belongs
to the Neolithic Period, to the Bronze Age, or to an even later date.
Many remains of the Bronze Age have been found in burial-mounds or
barrows, and the barrows of this period are circular, with a diameter
of fifty to one hundred feet, and hence termed round barrows. Many
pieces of sepulchral pottery of this age from Berkshire will be found
both in the British Museum and the Reading Museum. A considerable
number of bronze implements were found in one place at Yattendon,
and another hoard of them was discovered at Wallingford. A great many
bronze swords, daggers, and spear-heads have been found in the river
Thames, and are to be seen in the Museums.
A cemetery of this period was found at Sulham, and many earthenware
urns from it are in the Reading Museum. There are also in the Museum
some urns from Neolithic barrows at Sunningdale.
The extensive deposits of peat at and around Newbury show that it was
a marsh and lake district until historical time, and remains of pile
dwellings have been found in the market-place, in Bartholomew Street,
and in Cheap Street. Their date cannot be fixed with certainty,
but they are almost certainly prehistoric in age.
The substitution of iron for bronze indicates a considerable advance
in knowledge, for, except in meteorites, pure iron is not found in
nature, and no small skill is required to separate the metal from
the earth or rock in which it occurs. There is, however, no definite
division between the Bronze and the Iron Age, for implements and
ornaments of both bronze and stone continued to be used. Nor is there
any definite end to the Iron Age: it passes onwards into the period
of written history.
A number of bones and various objects found in a grave on Hagbourne
Hill seemed to show that a man, a horse, and possibly also a chariot
had been buried there.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account