First, take a piece of soft cloth, cotton or linen, wring it out very dry in cold water about 60° F., and fold it in six or eight thicknesses. Lay this under the chin, covering the neck from ear to ear. Cover it with a strip of very heavy waxed paper, or a piece of oiled silk, and tie it all on with a big handkerchief. Change this in half an hour, when it will be found that the folds of cloth are hot. Have ready fresh folds of cloth dipped in cold water. If the attack of croup is light this treatment will generally control it. If not, the mother or nurse must rig up a croup-kettle. A sheet must be arranged over the crib or bed like the top of a tent. Close to the crib, so that the spout will be under the improvised tent, rig up your tea-kettle, filled with water and kept at the boiling point by an alcohol or gas stove. The stove can be set on a table beside the bed. The steam pouring out of the spout of the kettle relieves the croup. The child begins to feel easier immediately this steaming process starts. But the mother must be very careful not to have the stove near enough to set fire to the bed clothing. If she will bear in mind that croup is not a very serious ailment and that it seldom results fatally, she will be clear-headed enough to relieve her baby in a very short time. If neither the cold compresses nor the steaming process bring relief, then the mother may give syrup of ipecac—from one to two teaspoonfuls, according to the age of the child. This will cause vomiting. It is especially effective if the ordinary croup is accompanied by indigestion, as it is frequently. The next day the mother should have a doctor look the child over and decide on what treatment she shall use during another attack. There is no emergency so terrorizing to a mother as convulsions. As the child becomes unconscious the mother, who has never seen a child pass through convulsions, believes that her baby is dying. In reality convulsions are a symptom rather than a disease, and the cause is easily traced and removed. They represent, first, an irritation of the nervous system. Back of this may lie disturbances of the digestive organs, rickets, and, in boys, tight foreskin. They occur with whooping-cough, and sometimes indicate the approach of an acute fever, such as accompanies pneumonia, scarlet fever, etc. Though it is commonly supposed that both teething and worms will cause convulsions, they can rarely be traced to such causes. If they occur during teething they are due not to the normal process of teething but to indigestion from which the child suffers, regardless of teething.