The baby that is thriving on mother’s milk should show a gain of at least two pounds at the end of thirty days. The baby which weighed seven pounds at birth should weigh nine pounds when one month old; ten and one-half pounds at two months; twelve pounds at three months. When the gain is less than these figures, the baby’s diet needs attention. The following symptoms point to the fact that the mother’s milk does not agree with the child: (1) Excessive vomiting, with loss of weight or no increase of weight for two weeks or more. (2) A persistent diarrhea, with loss of weight or no increase of weight for two weeks or more. If there is a progressive gain in weight, however, loose bowels are not a danger signal. (3) Steady loss of weight extending over a period of three weeks or more, in spite of the fact that otherwise the child seems normal. Sometimes the trouble can be corrected by a change in the mother’s diet; and this must be discussed with the family physician. Sometimes the mother is too much exhausted by household duties to provide the amount and quality of milk needed to nourish the child. If it is possible to lighten the mother’s burdens, and thereby strengthen the breast milk, this is better economy than investing in bottles and artificial food. If, in spite of the doctor’s efforts to build up the mother’s strength and improve the quality of the breast milk, the baby does not thrive, then mother and doctor together must work out the problem of artificial feeding. The scientific and successful raising of a baby on the bottle depends upon two distinct lines of care and caution: the selection of the food to be supplied, and the care of the bottles. The best of food in an unsanitary bottle or drawn through an unclean nipple becomes dangerous to baby’s health. In choosing artificial food for your baby, remember that even physicians differ on this question. Most American specialists for children insist that fresh cow’s milk, properly modified, is the only substitute for mother’s milk. European authorities recommend goat’s milk. And there are other recognized authorities on baby-health who have found it advisable to prescribe for delicate bottle-fed babies a combination of milk and patent food. Not only must the mother consult her family physician on this question, but, with the physician, she must watch the effect of the chosen food on the baby. Vomiting, restlessness, sleeplessness, and the condition of the bowels, all tell the tale of food that is not being assimilated.