Formulas for artificial food should follow the proportions found in mother’s milk by expert analysis. Plain cow’s milk unmodified is too rich in solids to be given to an infant. On the other hand, the nursing baby, or the baby fed on properly modified milk, does not require much plain water, as it receives an ample supply of water in its feedings to quench thirst and keep the body in good condition. For the baby which is to be artificially fed at one month or less, plain cow’s milk, boiled water, and malt sugar form the best possible combination. Milk sugar, once very popular with dietitians, has been condemned by specialists in infant feeding. Cane sugar is preferred to milk sugar, and pediatrists recommend most highly the Dextri-Maltose, or malt sugar, manufactured by Mead, Johnson & Company, Jersey City, New Jersey. Having decided on these ingredients, the next problem is their proper combination in correct proportions. These are governed by the baby’s weight. In twenty-four hours a baby should be fed twice as much plain cow’s milk in ounces as he weighs in pounds; this means that a baby weighing twelve pounds should be fed twenty-four ounces of plain cow’s milk in twenty-four hours. In preparing this quantity of cow’s milk for the baby’s consumption, it must be borne in mind that this milk contains only half as much sugar as mother’s milk, while it holds three times as much proteids and salts, and both the proteids and the fat are less digestible than those found in breast milk. This explains why water must be used to dilute the heavier cow’s milk. For the new-born baby the following proportions are recommended when what is known as plain milk is to be used: Four ounces of milk. One ounce, or two rounded tablespoonfuls, of Dextri-Maltose. Sixteen ounces of boiled water. In two or three days this formula may be changed to: Five ounces of milk. One ounce, or two rounded tablespoonfuls, of Dextri-Maltose. Fifteen ounces of boiled water. If the baby is digesting this food without trouble, about the tenth day, increase the milk by one ounce and decrease the water by one ounce. A normal child, with whom modified milk agrees, is able at the end of a month to digest its food in the following proportions: Eight ounces of plain milk. One ounce, or two tablespoonfuls, of Dextri-Maltose. Twelve ounces of boiled water. At seven months the baby is ready to have gruel combined with the water and the milk in the following proportions: Nine ounces of plain milk. One and one-half ounces (3 tablespoonfuls) Dextri-Maltose. Five ounces of water. Six ounces of gruel—made as follows: Two tablespoonfuls of prepared barley, wheat, or oat flour; smooth with cold water; have ready one pint of water boiling hard; add a pinch of salt; stir in the smoothed flour; cook for thirty minutes in a double-boiler, and strain through a hair sieve. Add enough boiling water to make a pint, and set it away to cool.