If a child has not been trained in this way the mother now realizes that the habit of wetting the bed is confirmed; and at three years old or more she should start training him afresh by putting him on the chair every hour throughout the day. In this way the functions of the bladder gradually come under the control of the will. At the end of two or three weeks, instead of placing the child on the chair every hour, the intervals are lengthened to one and one-half hours; then to two hours; and the mother suddenly wakes up to find that her child is dry all during the day. At first he may have to be taken up three or four times at night, but soon this can be reduced to two, and finally to one. When he is six years old he will be broken of the habit and will sleep soundly and be dry for ten or twelve hours. If the habit is well-grounded the diet may be changed to effect a cure. The last evening meal of the day should be almost dry, with just an occasional sup of water to allay thirst; no liquids should be served after 4 P.M. Butter may be served with a cereal, and apple-sauce used to moisten the meal of bread, toast, or crackers. Never give a young child tea or coffee. These are not juvenile beverages; and they are especially bad for bed-wetting children. If the habit has grown on the child, discipline alone will cure it. If, however, it amounts almost to an acute disease, overtaking the child suddenly after it has passed its second birthday, the baby should be examined by the family physician. Masturbation is a habit which every mother should dread. But she should consider this, also, in the light of a symptom first and foremost. I do not believe that average children, of average parents, are born into the world depraved or with vicious tendencies. The terrible habit of masturbation, which breaks down the child’s physical, mental, and moral nature, and often turns a healthy, normal child into a defective, may be caused by carelessness on the part of the mother. The genitals are extremely sensitive and easily inflamed. If the parts are not kept immaculately clean there is discomfort, which the child tries to relieve by scratching the genitals, by rubbing them against the leg of a chair or table or by rubbing the thighs against each other. It is a simple and natural effort to secure relief from irritation, precisely as a child scratches his arm or neck after being bitten by a mosquito. For this reason the mother should wash the parts carefully, not only while the child wears diapers, but as he grows older. When he is old enough to wash himself the mother should explain the importance of cleanliness in the care of the genitals. This is the time to speak the firm word of warning against handling these parts. The child who has been taught to obey in other things will obey these instructions.