Kubbet es Sakhra (Dome of the Rock) E 31-36 New Convent of the Roman Catholic Sisters of Zion E 62-63 Barracks (Castle of Antonia) F 55-56 Haram esh Sherif (Site of the Temple) G 15-39 Former Serai G 52 Valley of Hinnom (Wady er Rababi) I 1-E 14 Golden Gate I 30-31 Gate of St. Stephen (Bab Sitti Mariam) I 56 Moslem Tombs J 27 and J 70 Road to Gethsemane J 55 to N 53 Road from the Valley of Kedron to the Gate of Zion K 2 to N 4 Slope toward the Wady Sitti Mariam (Valley of Kedron or Jehoshaphat) Foreground DESCRIPTION OF MODERN JERUSALEM. I. =Location.= The modern city of Jerusalem stands upon the ruins of the ancient, but does not include much of Mount Zion, which was the most important part in Bible history. It occupies the northern part of Zion, the hills Acra, Moriah, and part of Bezetha, embracing within its walls an area of about 210 acres. Its population has been variously estimated, but is supposed to number about 22,000, of which 12,000 are Jews, 5,000 Moslems, and 5,000 Christians. The view represents it from the eastern side, having in the foreground the Valley of the Kedron, or of Jehoshaphat, called by Mohammedans _Wady Sitti Mariam_, "The Valley of our Lady Mary." On the south, or left of the picture, is the Valley of Hinnom (_Wady er Rababi_), and beyond it the Hill of Evil Counsel (_Jebel Abu Tôr_), the traditional place where Judas made the agreement to betray his Lord. On the northwest, outside the wall, is the extensive Russian establishment for pilgrims of the Greek Church, containing the consulate, houses, and a large church. Near it is a Protestant mission church. North of the wall, on the right of the picture, is a cave called the Grotto of Jeremiah, supposed by some to represent the place of the crucifixion and burial of Jesus. The roads running out of the city, and the places adjoining them, will be described in connection with the map of the Environs of Jerusalem, page 82. II. =Walls.= The present walls were built by the Sultan Suleiman, in 1542, on the site of a mediæval wall. Though imposing in appearance, affording a fine view of the city, and sufficiently strong to protect it from marauders of the desert, they would be of little avail against modern methods of warfare. They are in most places 38 feet high, and contain 34 towers. They form an irregular quadrangle, which may be roughly described as 3,930 feet long on the north, 2,754 feet on the east (the front of the engraving), 3,245 feet on the south, and 2,086 feet on the west, making the entire wall 12,015 feet, or 2.292 miles long.