BIBLIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM [Illustration: _St. Augustine._ “_La Cité de Dieu._” _from a manuscript in the Musée de Chantilly._] BIBLIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED RESEARCHES INTO THE DOMAIN OF THE EARLY SCIENCES, ESPECIALLY FROM THE PERIOD OF THE REVIVAL OF SCHOLASTICISM, WITH BIOGRAPHICAL AND OTHER ACCOUNTS OF THE MOST DISTINGUISHED NATURAL PHILOSOPHERS THROUGHOUT THE MIDDLE AGES COMPILED BY PAUL FLEURY MOTTELAY, Ph.D. AUTHOR OF “GILBERT OF COLCHESTER,” “THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ELECTRO-CHEMISTRY,” ETC. WITH INTRODUCTION BY THE LATE PROF. SILVANUS P. THOMPSON, D.Sc., F.R.S. AND FOREWORD BY SIR R. T. GLAZEBROOK, K.C.B., D.Sc., F.R.S. “Historia, quoquo modo scripta delectat.”--_Pliny._ “Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas.”--_Virgil._ “Il importe beaucoup de connaître l’histoire de la science à laquelle on s’attache.”--_Éloge de Boerhaave._ “It is of great advantage to the student of any subject to read in the original memoirs on that subject, for science is always most completely assimilated when it is found in its nascent state. Every student of science should, in fact, be an antiquary in his subject.”--_J. Clerk Maxwell._ “Les tâtonnements de nos prédécesseurs nous apprennent à marcher avec plus de sûreté, et l’on ne sait jamais mieux conduire la science en avant que lorsqu’on sait le chemin qu’elle a parcouru jusqu’à nous.”--_J. P. Rossignol._ WITH FRONTISPIECE AND PLATES [Illustration] LONDON CHARLES GRIFFIN & COMPANY LIMITED 12 EXETER STREET, STRAND, W.C. 2 1922 [_All rights reserved._] PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY RICHARD CLAY & SONS, LIMITED, BUNGAY, SUFFOLK. [Illustration: PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR TAKEN FOR A PASSPORT TO FRANCE A FEW WEEKS BEFORE HIS DEATH] FOREWORD BY SIR RICHARD T. GLAZEBROOK, K.C.B., D.Sc., F.R.S. _Past President of the Institute of Electrical Engineers and late Director of the National Physical Laboratory_