Pliny, “Nat. Hist.,” Holland tr. 1601, Chap. IV. p. 610; Plutarch, “Quæstones Platonicæ,” lib. vii. cap. 7; Claudius Ptolemæus, “Opus Quadripartitum,” lib. i. cap. 3; St. Augustine, “De Civitate Dei,” lib. xxi.; Bartholom. de Glanvilla, “Liber de Proprietatibus Rerum,” lib. xvi.; Pietro di Abano, “Conciliator Differentiarum,” 1520, pp. 72–73, or the Venice edition of 1526, cap. 51; Joannes Ruellius, “De Natura Stirpium,” 1536, pp. 125, 530; Ibn Roschd’s “Comment on Aristotle,” 1550, T. IV. p. 143t; Cardinal de Cusa, “Opera,” 1565, p. 175; C. Julius Solinus, “De Memorabilibus,” cap. 64; Walter Charleton, “A Ternary of Paradoxes,” London, 1650, pp. 40–41; Thomas Browne, “Pseudodoxia Epidemica,” 1658, p. 74; G. B. Porta, “Naturall Magick,” 1658, Chap. XLVIII and Chap. LIII--from both of which chapters extracts appear at the A.D. 1558 entry; “Journal des Savants” for January 1894; Chas. de Rémusat, “Hist. de la Philos.,” Paris, 1878, Vol. II. p. 187. Rohault--at p. 186 of his 1728 “Syst. of Nat. Phil.”--says: “As to what some writers have related, that a loadstone will not attract iron if there be a diamond near and that onions and garlic will make it lose its vertue; these are contradicted by a thousand experiments which I have tried. For I have shown that this stone will attract iron through the very thickest diamonds and through a great many thick skins which an onion is made up of.” REFERENCES.--“Dict. of Nat. Biography,” Vol. XLV. pp. 407–409, giving many particulars; J. B. J. Delambre, at A.D. 1635. For Gabriel Plattes, see the same “Dict. of Nat. Biography,” Vol. XLV. p. 410. =A.D. 1657.=--Schott (Gaspar)--P. Gaspar Schott--a German Jesuit who was sent to teach natural philosophy and mathematics at Palermo, Sicily, is the author of several very curious works on physics, of which the most important alone will here be noted. “Magiæ Universalis Naturæ et Artis,” etc., appeared at Herbipoli in 1657, 1658, 1659. In the first book of the fourth volume (or part) he indicates, according to Kircher, whom he had met while in Rome, the means of conveying one’s thoughts at a distance by the loadstone, and he alludes to the speaking head constructed by Albertus Magnus, while, in the third and fourth books of the same volume, he gives a long treatise on the loadstone as well as an account of numerous experiments made with it. “De Arte Mechanica,” etc. (“Mechanicæ,” etc.), Herbipoli, 1657–1658, contains, in Part II. class i. p. 314, the first published notice of Von Guericke’s experiments. “Physica Curiosa sive Mirabilia Naturæ,” etc., Herbipoli, 1662 (which may justly be considered a continuation of the “Magiæ Universalis”), treats in the eleventh book of St. Elmo’s fire, thunder and meteors in general.