Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 1900: Illustrated by Color Photography — John Shaqi
Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 1900: Illustrated by Color PhotographyVarious
History
Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 1900: Illustrated by Color Photography
Various
Birds -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals
The dragonfly possesses the unique faculty among winged creatures,
birds or insects, of flying backwards and forwards and sideways without
turning its body. There are very few insects that the swallow, with
its marvelous speed and dexterity, cannot catch, but the dragonfly is
one them. The dragonfly without any apparent trouble, will keep a few
feet ahead of a swallow for half an hour at a stretch, and no matter
how swiftly the swallow flies, the dragonfly is never just there when
it makes its swoop. This is because the swallow has to turn its body,
while the dragonfly only reverses its wings.
* * * * *
The investigations of Professor Weismann have done more to solve the
problem, "How death came into the world" than those of any other living
man. It is generally assumed that death is associated with all forms
of life, but this is not really the case. The lower forms of life,
for example, may be said to have a perpetual existence, and not to be
subject to death; for in unicellular reproduction life is practically
endless. In the case of higher forms of life death is universal, and
for a very natural reason. The aim of nature is the perpetuation of
the species, not of the individual, and when creatures have, as in
the case of certain insects, reproduced themselves once for all, they
have no further need of existence. Creatures that nurse their young,
like mammals, and produce them slowly, have need of longer life, or
the species would speedily be exterminated; but there is no reason
why the individual, having performed its duty in relation to the
species, should continue to exist, since its existence then becomes
a superfluity. Between multicellular and unicellular existence there
is, therefore, the marked difference that, whereas the former dies
when it has reproduced itself and so perpetuated its species, the
latter goes on perpetually reproducing itself--one cell growing out of
another without cessation. To Weismann we owe the knowledge of how it
is that death intervenes when multicellular existence develops from
unicellular. The change is effected by the differentiation of the
individual--or somatic--and the reproductive cells. The former have
lost the power of multiplication and reproduction, and consequently
died, while the latter have preserved it.
* * * * *
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