Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 1900: Illustrated by Color PhotographyVarious
History
Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 1900: Illustrated by Color Photography
Various
Birds -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals
In this region, with about forty-five sister species, is found the
plant of our illustration. Carried from its home, it is now a common
decoration of the greenhouse and private conservatory. Its sisters are
of economic value. Some are used for garden hedges, some to arrest the
ever drifting sands of the seashore, and some to furnish a tanning
principle. Cattle browse upon some species and all contain more or less
of a yellow dye called _scoparin_.
These plants belong to the pea or pulse family (_Leguminosæ_), which
also includes the clovers, the peanut, the locusts, the vetches, the
acacias, the bean, the lupine, the tamarind, logwood, and licorice.
It has been estimated that this family contains over four hundred
and sixty genera and about seven thousand species. Here are grouped
herbs, shrubs, vines, and trees, the fruit of which is a pod similar
in structure to that of the bean, and usually with irregular flowers.
In this family the beasts of the field, as well as man, find some of
their most valuable foods and nearly all of the species are without
harmful qualities. The name of the family is derived from the Latin
word _legumen_, meaning _pulse_.
The flowers of this group of plants are peculiarly adapted to
cross-fertilization. Their colors, their odors, or the abundant nectar
secreted by them attract numerous insects, and, while these little
animals are providing for themselves Nature has also provided for the
best interests of the plant, as the pollen scattered upon their bodies
during their visit to a flower, is carried to another flower of like
kind, thus causing a cross between the two plants, which results in a
better grade of seeds.
The botanical name of the genista in the illustration is _Cytisus
canariensis_, a native of the Canary Islands. The origin of the generic
name, _Cytisus_, is obscure, though it is generally considered to be
the ancient Greek name of the plant, and has its origin in the fact
that the first species was discovered on the island of Cythrus, one of
the Cyclades, a group of islands south of Greece. The specific name is
derived from the name of the island where the plant is native.
The pure yellow flowers are grouped along the branches in terminal
clusters. They are sweet-scented, showy and frequently so numerous as
to make the plant appear like a mass of yellow blooms.
The leaves are very small, consisting of three leaflets similar in
form to those of the common clove. The surface of the leaves, and of
the young twigs, is covered by fine and soft hairs, causing a hoary
appearance.
The plant is a shrub varying in height from a few inches to that of a
man. It bears numerous and crowded branches.
Some of the other species of this interesting genus of plants bear
purple or white flowers, and some obtain the stature of trees.
[Illustration: GENISTA.
COPYRIGHT 1900, BY
A. W. MUMFORD, CHICAGO.]
WHERE VEGETABLES CAME FROM.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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