Birds and Nature Vol. 11 No. 5 [May 1902]: Illustrated by Color PhotographyVarious
History
Birds and Nature Vol. 11 No. 5 [May 1902]: Illustrated by Color Photography
Various
Birds -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals
and we look on only to admire and wonder. And yet how comparatively few
of those who watch the fascinating motion of a rapidly moving Horse know
that the beautiful animal is running on only one toe, for that indeed is
all it possesses for each foot. The foot proper extends as high as the
apparent knee. This is in reality the wrist or ankle, and the apparent
foot is but a finger or toe corresponding to the middle finger and
middle toe of the hand and foot of man. The hoof may be likened to the
finger nail. In fact, it is a great, thick, enlarged nail, finishing and
protecting the toe above.
The Horse belongs to a great division, known as the odd-toed animals.
There are about twenty-five species of these animals now existing and
they are divided into four families, the one-toed Horses, the tapirs
with four toes in front and three behind; the rhinoceroses with three
toes, and the cony family with four toes on their fore feet and three on
the hinderfeet. These four families are very different in their ways of
living and are so unlike that one would not expect to find them
relatives.
The native country of the Horse seems to be nearly the entire northern
hemisphere, for fossil remains are found throughout this region, but in
America the Horse (never found south of Alaska) became extinct, and for
a time there were no Horses on the western continent. After the
discovery of America, Horses were imported into the country and in time
some escaped from their owners and formed herds which have multiplied
until there are a great many wild Horses now roaming over the new world.
In Europe wild Horses also became extinct, but at a comparatively recent
date; but in Asia and Africa there seems to be no time when the wild
Horses have not been roaming over the plains and tablelands, as free as
the wind.
On the steppes of southeastern Europe there are great herds of peculiar
Horses, called tarpans. These are indeed freedom-loving animals and one
can but feel a certain sympathy with their unwillingness to be tamed.
They are a rather small Horse with thin, strong legs, a rather long,
thin neck and a comparatively thick, blunt-muzzled head. They have
small, brilliant, wicked eyes; the hair is thick and short in summer and
inclined to curl; in winter it is longer and coarser and on the chin
becomes almost like a beard.
Not content to roam in freedom by themselves, they will, if possible,
entice domesticated Horses to join their number. On this account they
are persistently hunted, as they do considerable damage.
The great herds are divided into families, each family led by a stallion
who is sole ruler, taking the best of care of his subjects, but
permitting no irregularity. These herds wander from place to place,
usually running against the wind, and their keen sense of hearing warns
them of approaching danger. The stallions do not fear beasts of prey and
will sally forth against wolves and beat them down with their
fore-hoofs.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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