Birds and Nature, Vol. 12 No. 4 [September 1902]: Illustrated by Color PhotographyVarious
History
Birds and Nature, Vol. 12 No. 4 [September 1902]: Illustrated by Color Photography
Various
Birds -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals
Oliver Cummings Farrington.
INDIAN SUMMER.
With your hazy distances,
And your fine insistences,
Of russet, amber, brown,
From what region dost thou journey
Hither to our fields a-tourney,
Flinging thy dim gauntlet down?
Dost thou come from Southern seas?
Or from mountain fastnesses?
Ho, we call thee Indian Summer,
O thou late and languid comer,
Loitering our forest aisles;
Idling with the sunshine dreamy,
As with wandering a-weary,
Chary, ever, of thy smiles.
Thou hast come to claim the glamour
Of the dear, departed Summer.
—M. D. Tolman.
[Illustration: HORNED TOADS (LIZARDS).
Phrynosoma cornutus (Texas).
Phrynosoma coronatum (California).
Life-size.
FROM COL. CHI. ACAD. SCIENCES.]
THE HORNED TOADS.
The Horned Toads form an interesting group of Lizards which are related
to the iguanas of the tropical forests of America. They are, however,
terrestrial lizards, inhabiting the plains of Southwestern United States
and Mexico. Their short, broad and more or less flattened bodies,
rounded heads and short tails give these animals quite a striking
resemblance to the common toad. Hence their common name. In one respect,
however, they are not at all like the toad. The head is armed behind
with a row of quite formidable horny spines, and in some of the species
shorter ones are also present on the top of the head and on various
parts of the body. As these lizards are slow in motion, the horns
constitute one of their chief means of defense. When in the presence of
an enemy “the muzzle is depressed and the horns are elevated. The back
is also arched.” The utility of the horns as a means of defense has been
amply proven. The dead bodies of snakes have been found with the horns
protruding through the skin of the body near the head. But this is not
their only means of defense. From birds they are protected by their
coloration, which is a somber mixture of brown, black and yellowish, and
when quietly resting on sands or rocks in the open they quite closely
resemble stones covered with lichens of varying shades of color.
Abundant as they are in some arid regions of the Southwest, they
frequently escape the notice of the observer because of their
coloration. In such regions, too, they can take refuge beneath the
protecting spines of the Agaves and the branches of the prickly
Opuntias. Dr. Leonhard Stejneger considers the Horned Toads a most
striking illustration of protective mimicry. Of one species he says: “In
the cedar and pine belts of the San Francisco Mountains the dark color
of the soil and stones covering the surface is closely matched by the
ground color of the Horned Toad, while the greenish gray and
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account