The percentage of breeding +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+--- in any one month is as | | | | | | | | | | | | follows: | 0 | 0 |2.9|8.8| 38| 73| 58| 50| 35| 17| 11| 8 ----------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+--- Birds in the moss forest near Tenom appeared to be breeding in January, paralleling the trend found by Voous (1950a) for the lowlands of Borneo. _Other Bornean observations._--Voous (1950a) summarized data assembled by Coomans de Ruiter on the breeding of birds in the lowland of western Borneo near Pontianak. It appears that the breeding season in that part of Borneo, and indeed in all of western Borneo (Banks, 1950), starts in December and reaches a peak in March. TABLE 3.--Monthly rainfall records, Cocoa Research Station, Quoin Hill. ============================================================================== Year |Jan. |Feb. |Mar. |April|May |June |July |Aug. |Sept.|Oct. |Nov. |Dec. ------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----- 1959 | | | | 6.49|12.16|11.11| 7.64|12.11| 4.75| 8.33|12.10|13.81 1960 | 9.24| 8.17| 3.76|10.65| 8.84|11.00| 6.31|11.25| 8.56| 5.49| 8.39|11.81 1961 | 6.68| 8.06| 4.35| 4.74| 7.55| 7.25| 5.93| 2.40| 7.47| 5.58| 4.38|10.73 1962 | 3.82| 6.76|13.72| 9.68| 6.82| 7.49| 6.59| 5.82| 7.81| 9.47|19.80| 9.28 1963 |21.27| 8.18| 7.64| 0.57| 5.83| 4.62| 0.64|12.49| 5.24| 8.75| 7.43|11.05 1964 | 4.17| 7.92| 4.40|11.20|11.82| 8.04| 2.42| 7.52| 5.69|13.15| 8.82| 9.88 Avg. | 9.03| 7.81| 6.77| 7.22| 8.83| 8.25| 4.92| 8.59| 6.58| 8.46|10.15|11.09 ------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----- Gibson-Hill (1952) has questioned Banks' (1950) interpretation of data from the egg collection of V. W. Ryves. Gibson-Hill has shown that the data collected by Ryves covered two widely separated localities, one at Kiau near Kota Belud and the other near Sandakan. The former locality is on the west coast of North Borneo and the latter on the east coast of North Borneo. Gibson-Hill points out, and rightly so, that the timing of the rainfall in different parts of Borneo must be taken into account because of the large regional variation. The nesting data from the Ryves egg collection are scant and when used alone possibly yield a distorted view of the actual breeding season. Ryves did no collecting in the Sandakan area between September and March, and in the Kiau area between May and January. Although the breeding data from North Borneo accumulated by both Ryves and myself are limited, and records of rainfall are scant, there appears to be a trend toward breeding after the heavy rains have fallen.