The power of the crown is great. It is supported by a civil list of one
million of drachmas annually, in a state which has a net revenue of
twelve. The enormous amount of this civil list may be estimated from the
facts, that the salaries of the Greek ministers are only twelve thousand
drachmas a year, and of the Greek senators only six thousand. Besides
the influence which this exorbitant wealth confers on the monarch, he
possesses still greater social influence, for the whole of the upper
classes at Athens consist of paid officials, every one of whom is liable
to lose his place at a word from King Otho, who, with very little
exertion on the part of that royal memory on which kings pride
themselves, may recollect every man who resides at his capital qualified
to enter his palace. The desire of King Otho to extend his personal
influence, and centralise power in his own hands, is so great, that
every individual who receives a public appointment, however
insignificant, whether at Athens or in the provinces, is compelled to
wait on his majesty to thank him for the favour, which he naturally
pretends to consider as a reward for his attachment to the royal
Bavarian, not as a reward for his services to Greece. King Otho has been
an apt pupil of Louis Philippe in the political corruption that renders
the constitutional system subservient to the royal power in a thoroughly
centralised administration.
In one branch of political corruption King Otho may boast that he has
outdone all European sovereigns. It is true, he found in the Hellenic
mind a rich soil, but he may claim the merit of having worked it like a
first-rate farmer. The local institutions to which the friends of Greece
looked for a firm basis for liberal institutions, have in his hands been
rendered the instrument for converting popular elections into royal
nominations. When the Bavarian regency destroyed the communal system of
Greece, they replaced it by municipalities of greater extent, and
rendered the local authorities dependent on the Minister of the
Interior. King Otho availed himself of the central control created by
the municipal law, to make the mayor and local magistrates everywhere
dependent on his personal favour. The mayors are now agents and spies of
the court. This is effected in the following manner: By one of those
preposterous regulations, framed by statesmen to delude the people with
a show of conferring on them free institutions, the nomination of the
mayor is vested in the central government. An oligarchical college of
electors selects three members of the municipality, and from these his
majesty selects the most subservient to occupy the place. By availing
himself skilfully of this absurd law, King Otho has filled the towns of
Greece with magistrates entirely dependent on his will—men whom their
fellow-citizens, if universal suffrage prevailed in the municipal
elections of the mayors as it does in the more important elections of
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