which foreigners rarely communicate.
The industry of the Greeks is attested by their commercial activity, and
by their laborious agricultural operations. The mass of the population,
it is true, derives so little benefit from their toils, that we might
pardon them if they were much idler than they are. Those who are most
successful in commerce are compelled to expatriate themselves, which is
always a great hardship to a Greek. Those who labour at the fields and
dig the vineyards are unable to live in tolerable ease; for the want of
roads prevents their finding a sale for their produce, and deprives them
of the power of purchasing the luxuries they most eagerly desire.
Another honourable feature in Greek society is the good feeling
displayed by the classes which live beyond the sphere of court and
political influence. If a Greek is neither a courtier, a government
official, nor a palikar, he is generally a tolerably honest man, and by
no means a bad fellow, unless he be an Ionian or a Phanariot. We may
mention an anecdote, which proves strongly the existence of virtue in
the great mass of the labouring classes, even on that most delicate of
all subjects, honesty in paying taxes. When the Bavarians arrived in
Greece, they had not time to take any strong measures for enforcing a
very strict collection of the national revenues. The probable amount was
estimated at four millions, but the revenues of the preceding year had
not reached that sum. As it was necessary to leave much to the
conscience of the people, Mr Gladstone might have been satisfied with
three millions and a half, with a few five-pound notes falling in from
time to time from the remorse of defaulters. But the Greeks paid down
seven millions within the year; and the experience of subsequent revenue
returns proves that they must have paid the full amount to which
government had any claim.
The state of the legal profession at Athens impresses strangers with a
favourable opinion of the educated classes, when uncorrupted by the
service of a corrupted central administration. The advocates form a body
of well-educated men, whose professional gains render them independent
of court influence, and whose talents and character give them great
power over public opinion on judicial matters. Hence they exercise a
salutary control over the minister of justice and the judges. This is
doubly necessary, from the circumstance that the judges hold their
offices only during the pleasure of King Otho, who has frequently
removed those who have displeased him from office, or sent them into a
dreary exile in some distant province in an inferior charge. The power
of public opinion, as exercised by the bar, is consequently of great
importance to insure some degree of equity in the courts, and control
the general administration of justice in civil affairs; and it has been
used in a manner highly honourable both to the Greek bar and to the
national character.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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