In such a position of affairs, it was to be expected that if any change
took place in the policy of England towards Denmark, it would be towards
the side of friendliness. Yet the very reverse has been the case.
Reversing the policy of his predecessors, and even of the present
Government, Lord Russell has withdrawn the support of England from the
Danish Government, and now backs up the Germanic Diet in its unfounded
pretensions and serious attack upon the integrity of Denmark. His
Lordship’s bizarre blundering on past occasions has prepared us for
almost any folly which it was in his power to commit; but his cruel
blunder in regard to Denmark is so inexplicable, so wholly devoid either
of reason or excuse, and it has been perpetrated, too, in so insensate a
fashion, that it is extraordinary and intolerable even for Lord Russell.
The States of Holstein and Lauenburg are German duchies which for
centuries have formed part of the Danish kingdom, but which are also
members of the Germanic Confederacy, and over which, accordingly, the
German Diet can claim a certain degree of control. When the present King
of Denmark framed a common constitution for his whole dominions, the
German Powers objected, and by hostile menaces compelled the Danish
Government to give a separate Constitution to Holstein and Lauenburg.
Such an _imperium in imperio_ is a grave difficulty for Denmark, as it
would be for any State; and recently the Danish Government has agreed
“to accord to the Estates of Holstein a legislative and supply-granting
power, in conformity with the decrees of the Diet of 4th March 1860 and
7th February 1861.”[7] So far as Holstein is concerned, the Danish
Government, to its own great embarrassment, has virtually consented to
all that the German Diet demands.[8] But the Diet is not content, and
has now undertaken a similar interference with the condition of
Schleswig. Unlike Holstein, Schleswig is a purely Danish province. In
1823 the Prussian Government itself declared that “the Confederation was
excluded from interfering in the government of Schleswig, as that duchy
does not form one of the Confederated States (_Bundeslande_), and is
therefore beyond the influence of the Diet.” The sole ground upon which
this assumption to interfere is now made, is, that so many Germans have
migrated into Schleswig that they now compose half of the population.
Upon this preposterous ground the Germanic Diet demands that Schleswig
also shall have a separate constitution! If this were conceded, the
small territory of Denmark would contain no less than four separate
constitutions, and four rival Estates—namely, of Lauenburg, Holstein,
Schleswig, and Denmark Proper—each of which could give check to the
others, and bring the whole administration to a dead-lock. To add to the
extravagance of this project, the German Diet, after long declining to
formulate its demands, proposes to accomplish the autonomy of the Danish
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