Sir Christopher Wren did not actually carry out any transfusion experiments on his own account. This was done by his friend, Richard Lower, well known for his work on the anatomy of the heart, who worked in the laboratory of Thomas Willis at Oxford. In these experiments, some account of which was published in 1666, he used a silver cannula for obtaining continuity between the artery of one animal and the vein of another. Lower must therefore receive the credit for having done the first transfusion actually performed in England. In the following year other experiments were done by Dr. Edmund King and Thomas Cox, both of whom recorded their experiences in the _Philosophical Transactions_. Meanwhile Wren’s work had become known in other countries, and it is said that transfusion was performed in 1664 by Daniel of Leipsic, who thus anticipated the work of Lower. However this may be, the first transfusion done upon a human being was certainly carried out in France by Jean Denys of Montpellier, physician to Louis XIV. This is admitted in the _Philosophical Transactions_, but the following statement in extenuation of English hesitancy is made: “We readily grant, They were the first, we know off, that actually thus improved the Experiment; but then they must give us leave to inform them of this Truth, that the Philosophers in England had practised it long agoe upon Man, if they had not been so tender in hazarding the Life of Man (which they take so much pains for to preserve and relieve), nor so scrupulous to incurre the Penalties of the Law, which in England, is more strict and nice in case of this concernment, than those of many other Nations are.” Dr. Edmund King further asserts that “We have been ready for this Experiment these six Months,” that is to say, since March, 1667. Moral precedence must, however, give way to the actual, and it is clear that Denys had snatched the laurels. A translation of a full and interesting account of his earlier experiment upon animals and his first two transfusions done upon men was published in the _Philosophical Transactions_ for July 22, 1667. Of the first of these he wrote as follows: “On the 15 of this Moneth, we hapned upon a Youth aged between 15 and 16 years, who had for above two moneths bin tormented with a contumacious and violent fever, which obliged his Physitians to bleed him 20 times, in order to asswage the excessive heat.