The most recent description of this method has been published by J. M. Graham of Edinburgh, who has introduced an improved form of needle. This consists of a double tube; the inner tube has a needle point which is used for puncturing the vein, and can be withdrawn into the blunt outer tube when the vein has been entered. Any further wounding of the vein is thus avoided. In addition, movement of the needle-cannula is prevented by a bull-dog forceps attachment, which is clipped to the skin. Graham finds it advisable to lubricate the cannulæ and syringes with vaseline before being used. He also states that: “As the absence of clotting depends upon the rapidity with which the syringes are filled and emptied, a series of syringes should be used in strict rotation, and all trace of blood must be washed out with saline before the syringes are used again. One or two additional assistants are necessary for this method.” The disadvantages are evident, and it is not suitable for general use. A modification of the method has been described by Unger, in which only one syringe is used. The barrel of this is cooled by an ether spray so that clotting is discouraged or prevented. =Whole Blood Transfusion with Kimpton’s Tube.=--The principle of this method depends upon the use of paraffin wax as a coating for the vessel into which the blood is drawn, so that clotting is prevented or greatly delayed. The form of the vessel has been modified by different workers, but the essentials are the same in each. One form of the apparatus, known as the Kimpton-Brown tube, is illustrated in the accompanying diagram. It consists of a graduated glass cylinder, of about 700 cc. capacity, the lower end of which is drawn out into a cannula point at an acute angle with the body of the cylinder; the point is of a size convenient for introducing into a vein and its bore large enough to allow of a free flow of blood through it. Near the upper end is a side tube to which a rubber tube can be attached, and an opening at the top is closed by a rubber bung. An ordinary rubber double-bulb bellows is the only other apparatus that is needed. [Illustration: Fig. 8.--KIMPTON-BROWN TUBE]