Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : $b an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitementCannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford)
Science
Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : $b an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitement
Cannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford)
Emotions; Mental health; Mind and body
Unlike many other rhythmically repeated sensations, hunger is not
one that anybody becomes accustomed to and neglects because of its
monotony. During the period of his confinement in the citadel of
Magdeburg, the celebrated political adventurer Baron von Trenck[216]
was allowed only a pound and a half of ammunition bread and a jug
of water as his daily ration. “It is impossible for me to describe
to my reader,” he wrote in his memoirs, “the excess of tortures
that during eleven months I endured from ravenous hunger. I could
easily have devoured six pounds of bread every day; and every
twenty-four hours, after having received and swallowed my small
portion, I continued as hungry as before I began, yet I was obliged
to wait another twenty-four hours for a new morsel.... My tortures
prevented sleep, and looking into futurity, the cruelty of my fate
seemed to me, if possible, to increase, for I imagined that the
prolongation of pangs like these was insupportable. God preserve
every honest man from sufferings like mine! They were not to be
endured by the most obdurate villain. Many have fasted three days,
many have suffered want for a week or more, but certainly no one
besides myself ever endured it in the same excess for eleven months;
some have supposed that to eat little might become habitual, but I
have experienced the contrary. My hunger increased every day, and
of all the trials of fortitude my whole life has afforded, this
eleven months was the most bitter.”[*]
*[Footnote: In all probability the continued experience of hunger
pangs reported by Baron von Trenck was due to the repeated eating
of amounts of food too small to satisfy the bodily demand. The
reader will recall that persons who for some time take no food
whatever report that the disagreeable feelings are less intense
or disappear after the third or fourth day (see p. 238).]
Thus, although the taking of food may be set in abeyance at times
of great excitement, and the bodily reserves fully mobilized, that
phase of the organism’s self-protecting adjustment is limited,
and then hunger asserts itself as an agency imperiously demanding
restoration of the depleted stores.
The Similarity of Visceral Effects in Different
Strong Emotions and Suggestions as to its
Psychological Significance
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