The region of White Oaks formerly included all the rocky hills and swamps
now known as Colesville and Riverside, and has received its name from the
abundance of white oak timber in this locality, utilized by the colored
people in making baskets which they peddle in town. Many years ago,
three very large white-oak trees stood east of the house known as Old
Stone Tavern, near Broad Brook bridge. This building still stands—in a
deplorable condition—as a tenement house. It is over a century old, built
in the Revolutionary days by Silas Stone, who kept tavern when stages
ran between Pittsfield, Bennington, and Troy.
On July 18th I made a tour of the limestone ridge above the Gulf Road,
known as the Glebe. It is the most desolate and unproductive soil in the
whole town. In the early townships of the New Hampshire Grants, Governor
Benning Wentworth required “One Share for a Glebe for the Church of
England as by Law Established,” and another for schools. These lands,
therefore, are to-day called “minister lots” and “school lots.” The
occupants, instead of paying taxes, pay lease money for the use of the
land, which is appropriated according to the vote of the town’s people
for the support of ministers and schools.
Beginning northwest of the Swamp of Oracles, over the Amidon fields, one
finds the limestone bed-rock cropping out everywhere. Little rounded
hills appear to jut out of the deeper swamps leading toward Iris Swamp
on Ball Farm, as one rides along the Pownal Centre Road. Great lime-rock
boulders and piles of loosened rock lie strewn over the fields. One
enormous boulder may be observed by the road north of Amidon’s house,
and another near the Peleg Card house. I collected innumerable Walking
Ferns scattered over these miniature hills and boulders. I proceeded
northward to the Campbell horseshoeing shop, in the woods beyond, and
turned to the left toward the ridges of the Glebe. Searching the rocks
along the edges of the road, I found—perched high on a point of rocks—a
beautiful colony of the rare Ebony Spleenwort (_Asplenium platyneuron_),
not common hereabout. Over the mossy rocks below I again found numerous
mats of Walking Fern. In finding these two ferns so closely associated, I
searched for the rarer hybrid of these ferns, known as Scott’s Spleenwort
(_Asplenium ebenoides_), but did not find it. It has been seen but once
or twice in Vermont, to my knowledge, being more frequent in southern New
England, Alabama, and Virginia, where it ascends fourteen hundred feet
above the sea level.
[Illustration: =Three Rare Ferns from Gregor Rocks and Wash-Tub Brook
Region, Pownal, Vermont. 1. Rue-in-the-Wall Spleenwort.= (_Asplenium
Ruta-muraria._) =2. Purple-Stemmed Cliff-Brake.= (_Pellæa atropurpurea._)
=3. Walking Fern.= (_Camptosorus rhizophyllus._)]
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