=Flowers= white or greenish, 3-rowed, in spiked racemes, slightly twisted, 2-4 inches long, ⅓-⅔ inch thick; very fragrant. =Labellum= oblong, contracted below the crisped apex. =Sepals= and =petals= broad at the base, hooded above. =Stem= 6-15 inches high. =Leaves= below, near the base, 3-8 inches long, with bracts above. Seedlings produce but one tuber, older plants several adhering, older tubers finally withering. _Continental Range_—From Unalaska and New Metlakatla, along the southeastern coast of Alaska, southward to Pennsylvania; westward to the Pacific Ocean, ascending 8500 feet altitude in moist meadows in Yellowstone Park, Montana, and 9500 feet on Mount Graham, in Arizona. It is especially a Northern species. _New England Range_—Maine, frequent; New Hampshire, infrequent; Vermont, infrequent; Massachusetts, rare; Reservoir Swamp, Notch Road, North Adams, August 17th, 1903 (Grace G. Niles); swamps, base of Mount Greylock, Adams, (Marcus White); Mr. White is the first botanist to collect this species in Massachusetts. [Illustration: =The Hooded Ladies’ Tresses.= (_Gyrostachys Romanzoffiana._)] 2.—GYROSTACHYS PLANTAGINEA (Rafinesque) Britton, 1818-1896 EARLY BROAD-LEAVED LADIES’ TRESSES The specific name, _plantaginea_, refers to a supposed resemblance of this species to the spikes and foliage of certain species of Plantain (_Plantago_). Small moist woodland orchid, with fleshy-fibrous roots. June 7th-July 2nd-August 15th. =Flowers= yellow and white, spreading, ¼ inch long, in densely flowered raceme, 1-2 inches long, ⅓-½ inch thick. =Labellum= pale yellow on face, oblong, not contracted in middle, apex rounded and fringed, base clawed. =Sepals= and =petals= white; lateral sepals free, lanceolate, upper sepal, united with petals. =Stem= 4-10 inches high. =Leaves= 4-5, oblanceolate, 1-5 inches long, becoming bract-like above. _Continental Range_—From New Brunswick, Ontario, southward to Virginia; westward to Wisconsin and Minnesota. Rather rare in the southern and western range; nowhere abundant. =New England Range=—Maine, rare; New Hampshire, rare; Vermont, frequent; Massachusetts, rare; Rhode Island, not reported; Connecticut, rare. 3.—GYROSTACHYS OCHROLEUCA Rydberg, Britton’s _Manual_. 300, 1901[78] YELLOW LADIES’ TRESSES The specific name, _ochroleuca_, refers to the yellowish-green or ochroleucous color of the flowers. Small hillside and damp pasture-land orchid, with fleshy or tuberous roots. August-September 1st-15th. =Flowers= yellowish-green, very fragrant, in densely flowered raceme, conspicuously acute in bud, of creamy-green color, in company with _G. cernua_, but not so abundant. =Labellum= oblong, crenulate or crisped. =Stem= 12-20 inches high, pubescent. =Leaves= linear, tapering at both ends, basal, with bract-like leaves above. Slightly later than _G. cernua_. _Continental Range_—From New Hampshire, southward to Pennsylvania, and North Carolina.