The Moravian Church, claiming direct descent from the Unity of Bohemian Brethren, has produced noteworthy sectarian literature. In fact, the Moravians, to mention only one scholar, the late Bishop de Schweinitz, have done more than any other evangelical church in the way of interpreting to the English speaking people the most stirring chapters of Bohemian history. There is this criticism to be made, however, in reference to the Hus literature, that while non-Bohemian writers regard Hus as a religious reformer only and treat the reformation inaugurated by him wholly in the light of a religious upheaval, the Bohemians insist on taking a broader view of Hus and of Hussites. To them Hus reveals himself not only as a religious reformer, but likewise as a champion and purifier of the native tongue. In the Hussite Wars they recognize a political-spiritual revolution, having for its purpose the liberation of the Bohemian nation alike from papal trammels and from German domination. The Bohemian Church, Unity, Unitas Fratrum, Unity of Bohemian Brethren, Brethren’s Unity, are the names given to a church which originated in the second half of the fifteenth century. In the severely strict notions as to what is proper in the practice of religious duties, the Unity bore a striking resemblance to the Puritans. Its doctrine and discipline are admirably set forth in the articles passed in 1616 at the Synod of Žeravice. These articles, provided with annotations by Komenský have been translated into English, under the title _Ratio disciplinae, or the Constitution of the Congregational Churches_. Thus one is able to trace the influence of the Unity upon the Church of England. When the Bohemian Revolution broke out (1618) the nobility belonging to the Unity were powerful enough to influence the selection of a new King in the place of Ferdinand II., who was dethroned by the Estates. The choice, as we know, fell upon Frederick of the Palatinate. The Patent of Tolerance, (1781) allowing Protestant worship in Austria, purposely excluded the Unity. To the Government the church was objectionable, first because of its Bohemian national traditions, and secondly because of the leading part its members had taken in the revolution against Ferdinand. [Illustration: Protest Dated Sept. 2, 1415, by 100 Bohemian Lords against the burning of John Hus. Since 1657 property of the University of Edinburgh]