1480. Toletum Toledo. 1473. Trajectum ad Rhenum Utrecht. 1504. Trajectum ad Viadrum Frankfort on the Oder. 1471. Trajectum Inferius Utrecht. 1470. Trebia Trevi (in Italy). 1483. Trecae Troyes. 1440 (?). Tribboccorum Strassburg. 1483. Tricasses Troyes. 1476. Tridentum Trent (in the Tyrol). 1498. Tubinga Tuebingen. 1521. Turigum Zurich. 1496. Turones Tours. 1479. Tusculanum Toscolano (in Italy). 1471(?). Ulma Ulm. 1471. Ultrajectum Utrecht. 1485. Ulyssipo Lisbon. 1481. Urbinum Urbino. 1474. Valentia Valentia. 1474. Vallis S. Mariae {Marienthal (an Augustine monastery {near Mentz, now suppressed). 1469. Venetiae Venice. 1485. Vercellae Vercelli. 1470. Verona Verona. 1487. Vesontio Besancon. 1473. Vicentia Vicenza. 1517. Vilna Wilna (in Russia). 1482. Vindobona Vienna. 1503. Vitemberga Wittemburg. 1488. Viterbium Viterbo. Vratislavia Breslau. 1474. Westmonasterium Westminster. 1475. Wirceburgum Wurtzburg. FOOTNOTES: [5] _Vide_ Pollard's _Last Words on the History of the Title-page_ (Lond., 1891). [6] Some recent French publishers, such as Quantin and Rouveyre, have imitated the practice in their editions for bibliophiles. CHAPTER V. THE REASONS WHICH MAKE A BOOK VALUABLE--SCARCITY--SUPPRESSED WORKS--SOME BOOKS WHICH HAVE BEEN BURNED BY THE HANGMAN--WORKS PRIVATELY SUPPRESSED--WORKS OF LIMITED ISSUE--TRANSACTIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES--DEFECTS--"UNCUT" WORKS--IMPERFECT COPIES--"MADE-UP" COPIES--FAC-SIMILE LEAVES--LAYING DOWN--BOOKS PUBLISHED IN PARTS--LARGE-PAPER COPIES. The reasons which contribute to make up the pecuniary value of a book depend on a variety of circumstances by no means easy of explanation. It is a great mistake to suppose that because a given work is scarce, in the sense of not often being met with, it is necessarily valuable. It may certainly be so, but, on the other hand, plenty of books which are acquired with difficulty are hardly worth the paper they are printed upon, perhaps because there is no demand for them, or possibly because they are imperfect or mutilated.