Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman Empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. IPutnam, George Haven
History
Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman Empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. I
Putnam, George Haven
Books -- History -- 400-1450; Copyright; Freedom of the press -- History -- To 1500; Manuscripts; Printers
The most important of the works of Alcuin that can be called original
were his educational writings, comprising treatises _On Grammar_,
_On Orthography_, _On Rhetoric and the Virtues_, _On Dialectics_, _A
Disputation with Pepin_, and a study of astronomy entitled _De Cursu et
Saltu Lunæ ac Bissexto_. West mentions three other treatises which have
been ascribed to him: _On the Seven Arts_, _A Disputation for Boys_,
and the _Propositions of Alcuin_.[157] Alcuin was more fortunate than
his great predecessor Cassiodorus in respect to the preservation of
his writings. Manuscripts of all of these remained in existence until
the time came when the complete set of works could be issued in printed
form, and the work of the old instructor could be appreciated by a
generation living a thousand years after his life had closed. He died
at Tours in 804, in his seventieth year. Mabillon speaks of Alcuin as
“the most learned man of his age.” Laurie is disposed to lay stress
upon the monastic limitations of his intellect, and thinks that his
principal ability was that of an administrator; West emphasises the
“pure unselfishness of his character,” and adds, with discriminating
appreciation: “We must also credit him with a certain largeness of
view, in spite of his circumscribed horizon. He had some notion of the
continuity of the intellectual life of man, of the perils that beset
the transmission of learning from age to age, and of the disgrace which
attached to those who would allow those noble arts to perish which the
wisest of men among the ancients had discovered.... Perceiving that
the precious treasure of knowledge was then hidden in a few books,
he made it his care to transmit to future ages copies undisfigured
by slips of the pen or mistakes of the understanding. Thus in every
way that lay within his power, he endeavoured to put the fortunes
of learning for the times that should succeed him in a position of
advantage, safeguarded by an abundance of truthfully transcribed
books, interpreted by teachers of his own training, sheltered within
the Church and defended by the civil power.”[158] Professor West’s
appreciative summary does full justice to the work and the ideals
of Charlemagne’s great schoolmaster. I should only add that in the
special service he was in a position to render in the preservation,
transmission, and publication of the world’s literature, Alcuin must
be accorded a very high place in the series of literary workers which,
beginning with Cassiodorus, includes such names as Columba, Biscop,
Aurispa, Gutenberg, Aldus, Estienne, and Froben.
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