Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. IIPutnam, George Haven
History
Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. II
Putnam, George Haven
Books -- History -- 400-1450; Copyright; Freedom of the press -- History -- To 1500; Manuscripts; Printers
The Catholic theologian Cochläus, a violent opponent, says: “Luther’s
_New Testament_ was multiplied by the printers in a most wonderful
degree, so that even shoe-makers and women and every lay person
acquainted with the German type, read it greedily as the fountain of
all truth, and by repeatedly reading it impressed it on their memory.
By this means they acquired in a few months so much knowledge that
they ventured to dispute not only with Catholic laymen, but even with
masters and doctors of theology, about faith and the gospel.”[120]
Luther’s young friend, Mathesius, thus describes one of the meetings
of Luther and his collaborators on the work of the German Bible: “Dr.
Luther came to them with his old Latin Bible, his Hebrew texts, and
the portions of his German translation. Philip (Melanchthon) brought
the Greek text, and Dr. Kreuziger (Cruciger), besides the Hebrew, the
Chaldaic Bible (the translations or paraphrase in use among the ancient
Jews); the other professors had with them their ‘Rabbis’ (_i. e._ the
Rabbinical writings of the Old Testament). Each one had previously
armed himself with a knowledge of the text and had compared the Greek
and Latin with the Jewish version. The president then pronounced a text
and let the opinions go round. Speeches of wondrous truth and beauty
are said to have been made at these sittings.”[121]
The most important of the publishers who issued unauthorised editions
of Luther’s writings was, as stated, Adam Petri, of Basel. During the
ten years between 1520 and 1530, he made a special business of the
issue of these reprints, and according to Kapp, he derived from them
large profits. I find no record of any complaints from Luther directed
specifically against Petri. His principal annoyance about reprints had
been in connection with inaccurate and incomplete texts, but the Petri
Press had a good repute for the excellence of its typography.
In Augsburg, where had appeared some of the earliest issues of the
Bible, Hans Schönsperger printed, in 1523, an (unauthorised) edition
of Luther’s _New Testament_, with woodcuts by Schäuflein. In 1524, a
complete series of Luther’s writings was printed by Sylvan Othmar. It
is not clear whether or not this edition received the sanction of the
author. Siegmund Grimm, of Augsburg, acted as the principal publisher
of the writings of Hutten. Hase tells us, in his history of the great
Koberger publishing house of Nuremberg, that during the ten years
succeeding 1517, the sales of the works of theology (orthodox Catholic)
of which the Kobergers made a special interest were very seriously
lessened through the influence of Luther and of Luther’s writings.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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