46. How did the monasteries come to have libraries? 47. What was the scriptorium of a monastery? 48. How was the work done there? 49. How were books cared for in the middle ages? 50. How were they loaned and under what conditions? 51. What can you say of the value of books in the middle ages, both in money and in sentiment? 52. Who besides the monasteries had libraries? 53. What had the universities to do with the growth of libraries? 54. What did the universities do to secure the multiplication of books and the correctness of copies? 55. How old is the practice of marking letters or words by some sort of stamp? 56. What early experiments did the Chinese make in printing? 57. Did these experiments have any effect in Europe? 58. What is a block book? 59. When were block books first made, and why? 60. Describe some famous block books. 61. Describe the process of making a block book. 62. What determined the form of the letters composing the text of block books? 63. Describe the four types of handwriting and their principal varieties. 64. Tell how and why the first half of the 15th century was ready for the invention of typography. TYPOGRAPHIC TECHNICAL SERIES FOR APPRENTICES The following list of publications, comprising the TYPOGRAPHIC TECHNICAL SERIES FOR APPRENTICES, has been prepared under the supervision of the Committee on Education of the United Typothetae of America for use in trade classes, in course of printing instruction, and by individuals. Each publication has been compiled by a competent author or group of authors, and carefully edited, the purpose being to provide the printers of the United States--employers, journeymen, and apprentices--with a comprehensive series of handy and inexpensive compendiums of reliable, up-to-date information upon the various branches and specialties of the printing craft, all arranged in orderly fashion for progressive study. The publications of the series are of uniform size, 5 x 8 inches. Their general make-up, in typography, illustrations, etc., has been, as far as practicable, kept in harmony throughout. A brief synopsis of the particular contents and other chief features of each volume will be found under each title in the following list. Each topic is treated in a concise manner, the aim being to embody in each publication as completely as possible all the rudimentary information and essential facts necessary to an understanding of the subject. Care has been taken to make all statements accurate and clear, with the purpose of bringing essential information within the understanding of beginners in the different fields of study. Wherever practicable, simple and well-defined drawings and illustrations have been used to assist in giving additional clearness to the text.