All things considered, the wardens were well remunerated for such services
as they were able to render. The usual fee appears to have been L100 per
annum. In 1527 the Earl of Angus had L100 for the East and a similar sum
for the Middle March. In 1553 the Warden's fee was L500, but he had to
surrender the one half of the "escheats" to the authorities. When William
Ker of Cessford was appointed warden of the Middle March and keeper of
Liddesdale, his salary for the former office was L100, and for the latter
L500. But these sums represented but a small part of the actual income.
They were also allowed forage and provision for their retinue, which
consisted of a guard of horsemen. They had in addition a portion of the
"unlaws" or fines imposed in the warden courts, and at certain periods
these must have amounted to a large sum. The law ordained that "the
escheat of all thieves and trespassers that are convict of their movable
goods, ought and should pertain to the warden for his travail and labours,
to be used and disposed by him at his pleasure in time coming. The warden
ought and should take and apprehend all and sundry our sovereign Lord's
lieges turning and carrying nolt, sheep, horses, or victuals furth of this
realm into England, and bring their persons to the King's justice, to be
punished therefor; and all their goods may he escheat: the one half
thereof to be applied to the King's use, and the other half to the warden
for his pains." In addition to this, the wardens had a large share of the
plunder of the various forays upon the English Border, which they either
conducted in person, or winked at when undertaken by their retainers or
dependants. In the "Border Papers" we are informed that on Sunday, the
17th April, 1597, the Lord Buccleuch, Keeper of Liddesdale, accompanied by
twenty horse and a hundred foot, burned at noonday three onsets and
dwelling-houses, barns, stables, oxhouses, &c., to the number of twenty,
in the head of Tyne, cruelly burning in their houses seven innocent men,
and "murdered with the sword" fourteen which had been in Scotland, and
brought away the booty, the head officer with trumpet being there in
person.[33] This was a frequent occurrence, especially with Buccleuch, who
was never quite happy when not plundering and oppressing "the auld enemy."
From a pecuniary point of view, not to speak of other advantages, the
office of warden was a highly desirable one, and was consequently eagerly
sought after by the Border Chiefs.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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