Produced by Sue Asscher BRAMBLE-BEES AND OTHERS by J. HENRI FABRE TRANSLATED BY ALEXANDER TEIXEIRA DE MATTOS, F.Z.S. TRANSLATOR'S NOTE. In this volume I have collected all the essays on Wild Bees scattered through the "Souvenirs entomologiques," with the exception of those on the Chalicodomae, or Mason-bees proper, which form the contents of a separate volume entitled "The Mason-bees." The first two essays on the Halicti (Chapters 12 and 13) have already appeared in an abbreviated form in "The Life and Love of the Insect," translated by myself and published by Messrs. A. & C. Black (in America by the Macmillan Co.) in 1911. With the greatest courtesy and kindness, Messrs. Black have given me their permission to include these two chapters in the present volume; they did so without fee or consideration of any kind, merely on my representation that it would be a great pity if this uniform edition of Fabre's Works should be rendered incomplete because certain essays formed part of volumes of extracts previously published in this country. Their generosity is almost unparalleled in my experience; and I wish to thank them publicly for it in the name of the author, of the French publishers and of the English and American publishers, as well as in my own. Of the remaining chapters, one or two have appeared in the "English Review" or other magazines; but most of them now see the light in English for the first time. I have once more, as in the case of "The Mason-bees," to thank Miss Frances Rodwell for the help which she has given me in the work of translation and research; and I am also grateful for much kind assistance received from the staff of the Natural History Museum and from Mr. Geoffrey Meade-Waldo in particular. ALEXANDER TEIXEIRA DE MATTOS. Chelsea, 1915. CONTENTS. TRANSLATOR'S NOTE. CHAPTER 1. BRAMBLE-DWELLERS. CHAPTER 2. THE OSMIAE. CHAPTER 3. THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SEXES. CHAPTER 4. THE MOTHER DECIDES THE SEX OF THE EGG. CHAPTER 5. PERMUTATIONS OF SEX. CHAPTER 6. INSTINCT AND DISCERNMENT. CHAPTER 7. ECONOMY OF ENERGY. CHAPTER 8. THE LEAF-CUTTERS. CHAPTER 9. THE COTTON-BEES. CHAPTER 10. THE RESIN-BEES. CHAPTER 11. THE POISON OF THE BEE. CHAPTER 12. THE HALICTI: A PARASITE. CHAPTER 13. THE HALICTI: THE PORTRESS. CHAPTER 14. THE HALICTI: PARTHENOGENESIS. INDEX. CHAPTER 1. BRAMBLE-DWELLERS.