“Ceará” is the mundial denomination of another quality of Brazilian rubber, the rubber of the =Maniçoba= tree. The maniçoba =manihot glaziovii= is a handsome tree 10 to 15 metres high, and a native of the Northeastern region of Brazil. Its trunk presents a diametre of from 20 to 50 centimetres and it possesses few branches; its wood-fibres are weak and light. The cortex, which possesses lactiferous vessels in abundance, is protected by a silicose layer, easily removable. It is a plant of rapid growth. According to a classification made by Dr. Ule, there are four species of manioh, the =m. glaziovii=, the =m. piauhyensis=, the =m. dichotoma= and the =m. heptaphylla=, the which exist almost throughout all Central Brazil, being specially abundant in Ceará, Piauhy and Bahia. Little exigent, it thrives in regions where the temperature oscillates between 22° and 36°, on low-lying ground and it develops itself well in lands of great altitude, in which the thermometric average temperature is about 15°, resisting even the hoar-frost. It is indifferent to this tree whether the climate be damp or dry, as long as the soil is dry. The species most appreciated are those from Piauhy and the Jequié (“sertão” or back-woods of Bahia). Those of Piauhy present two varieties: the white and the black species, the white being the most renowned. They are of small size, with abundant foliage and thick bark and darkish stem and give plenty of the milky latex, the average being 1,200 grammes per tree. Those of the Jequié, which grow between the rivers Paraguassú to the north and of the Contas to the south, are a shrub-tree whose trunk does not exceed 30 centimetres in diametre. The bark is fine and of light clear color; it produces about 500 grammes of rubber. The mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) is a slender and crooked shrub-tree, 3 to 4 metres high, and abounds on the high-lying table-lands or plateaux in the interior of Brazil. The trunk has a diameter of from 0ᵐ30 to 0ᵐ35; is scantily leaved; the fruit is eatable and has a very agreeable taste. A plant of an extraordinary resisting power, it defies the inclemency of the climate, the absence of rains, the scarcity of humidity and of nourishment from the soil. It predominates in the =catingas= of the Northern States, in the =carrascaes= of Goyaz and in the =cerrados= of S. Paulo, which means to say, that it is found from Maranhão to S. Paulo, now in the Interior, as in the mountain-range of the Mangabeiras between Maranhão and Goyaz, in the central Chapada of Minas, in the Parecis of Matto Grosso and in S. Paulo in the zone comprised between the Paranápanema River and the Rio Grande, tributaries of the Paraná River, and again on the littoral, which is the case from Bahia northwards as far as Ceará.