Brief biographies from American history, for the fifth and sixth grades : $b Required by the syllabus for elementary schools of New York State Education DepartmentTurpin, Edna Henry Lee
History
Brief biographies from American history, for the fifth and sixth grades : $b Required by the syllabus for elementary schools of New York State Education Department
Turpin, Edna Henry Lee
United States -- Biography
From that time Henry was “the man of the people;” a little ahead of the
conservative element, but always in sympathy with the people and always
upon the side of the cause which in the end proved right. After his
success in “the Parsons’ Case,” he did not lack law business. He was
sent in the spring of 1765 to the House of Burgesses at Williamsburg.
This was then the site of the Virginia government; having been selected
after Jamestown was burned in the Great Rebellion.
The people of the colonies--even the loyal Virginians--were beginning
to be dissatisfied with the treatment of the mother-country. The Seven
Years’ War between England and France had come to an end two years
before. It had, of course, cost a great deal of money; in particular,
the sending of troops and supplies against the French in America had
been very expensive. The English government said that the colonies
ought to bear a large share of the war debt; the contest had begun on
the American frontier and the English victory had extended colonial
territory and trade. On the whole, this was not unfair. Probably the
colonies would have agreed to it, if they had been allowed to send
representatives to parliament--the English legislative body which has
the power of taxation. But the English were not willing to grant that
right. Then, said the Americans, “We must not be taxed. ‘Taxation
without representation is tyranny.’”
England paid little attention to the protests from America. A Stamp Act
was passed,--that is, a law requiring a stamp to be put on all papers
to make them legal. The money for these stamps was to be a source of
revenue to help pay the war debt. When the matter was being discussed,
Virginia protested against this Stamp Act. Nevertheless, in May, 1765,
a copy of the act was sent to the Virginia legislature, with the
information that it had become a law and must be enforced at a certain
time.
In the House of Burgesses, in 1765, among stately gentlemen in silks
and velvets with their curled and powdered wigs, sat a raw country
man dressed in shabby clothes and wearing his own plain hair. This
was Patrick Henry. One day he arose and addressed that gathering of
high-bred scholarly men and presented certain resolutions to the effect
that the people of the colonies had all the rights and privileges of
the people of Great Britain,--were like them Englishmen--and that the
taxes must, according to “characteristics of British freedom” be laid
by the people themselves or by those chosen by them--that only the
general assembly of Virginia had a right to lay taxes on Virginians,
and that the people were not bound to obey any other laws.
In the heated discussion which followed, Henry protested against the
despotic action of the king. “Cæsar had his Brutus, Charles I. his
Cromwell, and George III.”--
“Treason, treason!” came the interruption.
“May profit by their example,” concluded the orator. “If that be
treason make the most of it.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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