Brief biographies from American history, for the fifth and sixth grades : $b Required by the syllabus for elementary schools of New York State Education DepartmentTurpin, Edna Henry Lee
History
Brief biographies from American history, for the fifth and sixth grades : $b Required by the syllabus for elementary schools of New York State Education Department
Turpin, Edna Henry Lee
United States -- Biography
At the age of twenty-four, he read law for six weeks, was examined by
judges, and was given a license to practice the profession. The judges
granted his license with much hesitation. Henry was ignorant of the
law,--had indeed read only the Virginia Statutes and one other law
book. But he showed remarkable powers of thought and reasoning, natural
not acquired qualifications, and the license was granted on condition
that he would continue to study. One of the judges said, “Mr. Henry, if
your industry be only half equal to your genius, I augur that you will
do well, and become an ornament and an honor to your profession.”
It is not strange, however, that the small amount of law business
which was in his community did not come Henry’s way. People naturally
preferred to put their business in the hands of those whom they
considered better qualified. He eked out a support for his family by
aiding his father-in-law to manage a tavern.
In 1763 he had what seems to have been his first really important
case,--one which was turned over to him because no one else cared
to undertake it. This was the famous “Parsons’ Case.” In order to
understand it, you must remember that the colony of Virginia was
then a part of England and that the church of England, like its
civil government, was established by law. The salaries of clergymen
were raised by a regular tax on all the people. As money was scarce
in the colonies, this tax was paid in tobacco which was the regular
currency of Virginia. By law sixteen thousand pounds of tobacco was a
clergyman’s yearly salary.
The people do not seem to have objected to paying these salaries, and
usually they found no fault with the amount of them. Twice, however,
after bad crop years, the House of Burgesses passed laws allowing the
payment of money instead of tobacco at a rate lower than the price
of tobacco in these years of scarcity. Naturally, the clergymen did
not like this, and they finally appealed to the king of England who
decided that the salaries must be paid in tobacco every year. So the
clergymen of Hanover county where Henry lived brought suit for the loss
sustained by the payment of money instead of tobacco. As the king,
who was the supreme authority, had decided the matter in favor of the
clergymen, it seemed that there was nothing for the Virginia courts
to do but to agree on the amount of damages due and pay them. Henry,
however, offered to plead the case against the parsons and plead it he
did with unexpected power. He told the people fearlessly that this was
a matter for them to decide. They were to be governed by their House
of Burgesses. It had made this law, and the king of England had no
right to gainsay it. Henry spoke so eloquently that he won the sympathy
of all. The jury could not put aside the king’s decree but it gave a
nominal adherence to that and a real one to Henry’s argument; for it
stated the clergymen’s damages as one penny each, about two cents.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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