In the “pavilion,” or large room at the end of the gallery, are skeletons and bones of the members of the order Edentata, mostly from South America, including fine specimens of the great Ground-Sloths, the largest of which, the _Megatherium_, is shown in the act of rearing itself on its hind-legs and powerful tail to seize and tear down the branches of a tree in order to feed upon the leaves. That this was the habit of this huge animal is clearly indicated by the structure of its bones and teeth. The mounted specimen is not an actual skeleton, but is composed of plaster-casts of the real bones, most of which are shown in the wall-case at the north side of the room. Of the _Mylodon_, a smaller but nearly allied animal, an almost perfect skeleton is exhibited in a glass case near the _Megatherium_. Near by is a portion of the skin of a closely similar animal (_Grypotherium listai_), from a cave in Patagonia, showing the hair, and also the nodules of bone embedded in the hide. [Sidenote: Marsupials.] Not far off is shown one of the glyptodons, huge extinct Armadillo-like animals, of which the body is enclosed in a solid barrel-like bony case. As these animals far surpassed in size their diminutive existing representatives, so the gigantic Marsupials of the corresponding period in Australia (Pleistocene, or latest Tertiary), such as _Diprotodon_ and _Nototherium_, greatly exceeded any of the species now existing on that continent; of _Diprotodon_ a complete skeleton is exhibited. On the other hand, all the Mammals of the earlier geological periods of which remains are known are of diminutive size, as seen in the series of jaws, teeth, etc., mostly from the Purbeck (Upper Oolite) beds of Dorset and the Stonesfield Slate (Great Oolite) of Oxfordshire, exhibited in the centre window-case on the east side of the room. [Illustration: FIG. 47.--SKULL OF _Samotherium boissieri_, an Extinct Okapi-like Ruminant from the Pliocene Strata of Samos. About ⅙th natural size.] [Sidenote: Extinct Birds.]