Browning and Dogma: Seven Lectures on Browning's Attitude Towards Dogmatic ReligionNaish, Ethel M.
Religion
Browning and Dogma: Seven Lectures on Browning's Attitude Towards Dogmatic Religion
Naish, Ethel M.
Browning, Robert, 1812-1889 -- Religion
_Men and Women Series_, we may not unreasonably hold ourselves to possess
fair _prima facie_ evidence that in a theory so treated is centred much of
the interest of the writer; in the arguments deduced is to be accepted a
more or less definite expression of the writer's own belief, or at least
of that form of creed to which he is most strongly attracted.
Of the five poems chosen as illustrative or explanatory of Browning's
attitude towards that which we have designated _dogmatic_ religion, one
only, _La Saisiaz_, the latest in point of time, is non-dramatic in
character. Between the other four a line of connection is easily
established, since all deal with different aspects of the same subject
regarded through different media. If, then, beginning with the lowest link
of the chain, we gain by means of a consideration of _Caliban_ some
realization of the dramatic feats which Browning could accomplish at
pleasure, we shall find less difficulty in distinguishing between the
dramatic and personal elements in _Christmas Eve and Easter Day_ where the
line of demarcation is more finely drawn.
In _Caliban upon Setebos_ (from the _Men and Women Series_ of 1855) is
presented the lowest conception of a Deity and of his dealings with the
world and humanity, as evolved by a being incapable of aspiration,
satisfied with existing conditions in so far, although in so far only, as
they afford opportunity for material gratification. With _Cleon_ follows
the substitution of the Greek conception of life at the beginning of the
Christian era, speculations as to the design of Zeus in his intercourse
with man. The speculator, at once poet, musician, artist, to whom have
been accessible all the stores of Greek philosophy and Greek culture,
feels inevitably the necessity for the existence of a Deity differing from
that of the monster of Prospero's isle. Nevertheless to the Greek thinker
the immortality of the soul is not yet more than a vague suggestion, the
outcome of desire. His world has come into touch, but at its extreme edge,
with the recently promulgated tenets of Christianity. To this inhabitant
of "the sprinkled isles" the teaching of the Apostles of Galilee is so far
"a doctrine to be held by no sane man": and yet his very yearning, nay,
even his reasonable deductions from the experience of life, point to the
need of "doctrines" such as those which he now deems impossible of
credence. Of the character of the changes separating the world of
religious thought of Blougram from that of Cleon, suggestions are
afforded by the _Epilogue_ to the _Dramatis Personae_. The Christianity
which Cleon criticized from afar has, by the date of the Bishop's
_Apology_, become the creed of the civilized world. Not only has the time
passed when
The Temple filled with a cloud,
Even the House of the Lord,
Porch bent and pillar bowed:
For the presence of the Lord,
In the glory of His Cloud,
Had filled the House of the Lord. (_Epilogue, Dram. Pers._)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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