Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &cBuffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
History
Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
Natural history
The 3d of April, at four o'clock in the afternoon, the mirror being
mounted, produced a slight inflammation on a plank covered with
pitch at 138 feet distance, although the sun was weak and the light
pale. Great care must be taken, when we approach the spot where
the combustible matters are, not to look on the mirror; for if,
unfortunately, the eyes should meet the focus, inevitable blindness
will ensue.
The 4th of April, at eleven in the morning, although the sun appeared
watery, and the sky cloudy, yet it produced, with 154 glasses, so
considerable a heat at 158 feet, that in less than two minutes it made
a deal plank smoke, and which would certainly have flamed, if the sun
had not suddenly disappeared.
The ensuing day, the 5th of April, at three o'clock in the afternoon,
we set fire, in a minute and a half, at 150 feet distance, to a plank
sulphured and mixed with coals, with 154 glasses. When the sun is
powerful, only a few seconds is required to produce inflammation.
The 10th of April in the afternoon, the sun being bright, we set
fire to a fir plank at 150 feet distance, with only 128 glasses: the
inflammation was very sudden, and made in all the extent of the focus,
which was about sixteen inches diameter at this distance.
The same day, at half past two o'clock, we threw the fire on another
plank, partly pitched and covered with sulphur in some places: the
inflammation was made very suddenly; it began by the parts of the wood
which were uncovered, and the fire was so violent, that the plank was
obliged to be dipt in water to extinguish it: there were 148 glasses at
150 feet distance.
The eleventh of April, the focus being only 20 feet distant from the
mirror, it only required 12 glasses to inflame small combustible
matters; with 21 glasses we set fire to another plank which had already
been partly burnt; with 45 glasses we melted a block of tin of 6lb.
weight; and with 117 glasses we melted thin pieces of silver, and
reddened an iron plate; and I am also persuaded, that by using all the
glasses of the mirror we should have been enabled to have melted metals
at 50 feet distance; and as the focus at this distance was six or seven
inches broad, we should be able to make trials on all metals, which
it was not possible to do with common mirrors, whose focus is either
very weak or 100 times smaller than that of mine. I have remarked, that
metals, and especially silver, smoke much before they melt; the smoke
was so striking that it shaded the ground, and it was there I looked on
it attentively, for it is not possible to look a moment on the focus
when it falls on the metal, the lustre being much more dazzling than
that of the sun.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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