Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &cBuffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
History
Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
Natural history
II. By comparing those substances which we term _semi-metals_ and
_metallic minerals_, which want ductility, we shall perceive, that
the order of their density is emery, zinc, antimony and bismuth, and
that in which they receive and lose heat, is antimony, bismuth, zinc,
and emery; and which does not in any measure follow the order of
their density, but rather that of their fusibility. Emery, which is a
ferruginous mineral, although as dense again as bismuth, retains heat
longer. Zinc, which is lighter than antimony or bismuth, retains heat
longer than either. Antimony and bismuth, receive and keep it nearly
alike. There are, therefore, semi-metals, and metallic minerals, which,
like metals, receive and lose heat nearly in the same relation as their
fusibility, and partake very little of their density.
But by joining the six metals, and the four semi-metals, or metallic
minerals, which I have tried, we shall find the order of the densities
of these ten mineral substances to be emery, zinc, antimony, tin,
iron, copper, bismuth, silver, lead and gold. And that the order in
which these substances heat and cool, is antimony, bismuth, tin,
lead, silver, zinc, gold, copper, emery and iron, in which there are
two things that do not appear to perfectly agree with the order of
fusibility.
First, Antimony, which, according to Newton, should heat and cool
slower than lead, since by his experiments it requires ten degrees of
the same heat to fuse, of which eight are sufficient for lead; whereas
by my experiments antimony is found to heat and cool quicker than
lead. But it should be observed that Newton made use of the regulus of
antimony, and that I employed only melted antimony in experiments. Now
this regulus of antimony, or native antimony, is much more difficult
to fuse than antimony which has already undergone a first fusion,
therefore that does not make an exception to the rule. On the whole, I
do not know what relation native antimony, or regulus of antimony, may
have with the other matters I have heated and cooled; but I presume,
from the experiments of Newton, that it heats and cools slower than
lead.
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