Burial Mounds of the Northern Sections of the United StatesThomas, Cyrus
History
Burial Mounds of the Northern Sections of the United States
Thomas, Cyrus
Indians of North America -- Funeral customs and rites; Mounds -- United States; Wyandot Indians
Grave _c_.--A stone sepulcher, 3-1/2 feet long, 1-1/2 feet wide, and
1-1/2 deep; the bottom being formed of burnt earth. Although extending
east and west, as shown in the figure, the bones had probably been
interred without regard to order and disconnected, the head being found
in the northeast corner with face to the wall and the remaining portion
of the skeleton in a promiscuous heap. Yet there was no indication of
disturbance after burial as the coffin was intact. Between some of the
bones was found a thin plate of copper that had been formed by uniting
and riveting together smaller sections. Some of the bones found in this
grave were saved.
Grave _d_.--A small sepulcher, 1-1/2 feet square by 1 foot deep,
contained the remains of an infant, also a few small shell beads. The
slabs forming the sides and bottom of this grave bore very distinct
marks of fire.
Grave _e_.--Simply a headstone and footstone, with the skeleton of a
very small child between them; head east. On the wrists were some very
small shell beads. The earth on the north and south sides had been
hardened in order to form the walls.
Grave _f_.--Stone sepulcher, 6 feet long, 3 feet wide, and 1-1/2 feet
deep, with stone in the bottom; skeleton with the head north. There was
a lot of copper about the head, which, together with the skeleton, was
wrapped in a skin. The head rested on a large conch-shell (_Busycon
perversum_), and this on the remains of a coarse mat. Shell beads were
found around the neck, each wrist, and ankle. On the right was a small
cup, and on the breast an engraved shell. The copper had preserved a
portion of the hair, which was saved; portions of the skin and matting
were also secured.
Immediately under _b_ was another stone grave or coffin, 3 feet long,
1-1/2 feet wide, and as deep, extending north and south. The head of the
skeleton was toward the north, but the feet were doubled back under the
frame in order to get it in the allotted space. The only things found
with this skeleton were some beads around the neck.
At _g_ the remains of a child were found without any stones about them.
Some shell beads were around the neck and wrists and an engraved shell
on the breast.
Grave _h_.--A stone sepulcher, 1-1/2 feet square and 1 foot deep, stone
slabs on the four sides and top; the bottom consisted simply of earth
hardened by fire. This contained only a trace of bones and presented
indications of at least partial cremation, as all around the slabs,
outside and inside, was a solid mass of charcoal and the earth was
burned to the depth of a foot.
[Illustration: FIG. 42.--Copper plate from Etowah mound, Georgia.]
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