Accordingly, the enemies of Israel sought to entice them to fight in
the plains, and sometimes partially succeeded. The Plain of Esdraelon
became a great battle field. The Great Plain, as distinguished from the
Plain of Acre, the Valley of Jezreel, and others which are continuous
with it, measures about 14 miles by 9. It is described by Conder as one
of the richest natural fields of cultivation in Palestine, or perhaps
in all the world. “The elevation,” he says, “is about 200 to 250 feet
above the sea, and a Y-shaped double range of hills bounds it east
and west, with an average elevation of 1500 feet above the plain on
the north-east. On the north-east are the two detached blocks of Neby
Duhy (Little Hermon) and Tabor, and on the north-west a narrow gorge
is formed by the river Kishon, which springs from beneath Tabor, and,
collecting the whole drainage of this large basin, passes from the
Great Plain to that of Acre. On the east of the plain the broad Valley
of Jezreel gradually slopes down towards Jordan, and Jezreel itself
(the modern Zerin) stands on the side of Gilboa above it. On the west
are the scarcely less famous sites of Legis, Taanach, and Joknean,
while the picturesque conical hill of Duhy, just north of the Jezreel
Valley, has Shunem on its south slope, and Nain and Endor on the north.
Thus seven places of interest lie at the foot of the hills east and
west; but no important town was ever situated in the plain itself.”
The first great struggle in this plain was against Sisera, captain of
the host of Jabin, king of Canaan, who came with nine hundred chariots,
and threatened the Israelites near the sources of the Kishon. The
topography of the Scriptural episode of the defeat and death of Sisera
has been hitherto very little understood. The scene of the battle has
often been placed in the south-west of the great Esdraelon plain, and
the defeated general has been supposed to have fled a distance of 35
miles over the high mountains of Upper Galilee. But this is contrary
to what we know of the general character of the Biblical stories, the
scenes of which are always laid in a very confined area. The kings of
Canaan assembled in Taanach and by the waters of Megiddo, but it was
not at either of these places that the battle was fought. Sisera was
drawn to the river Kishon (Judges iv. 7), and the conflict took place
in the plain south-west of Mount Tabor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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