Nor doth the other argument, drawn from the little care our author hath
taken to keep up to the letter of this history, carry any greater force.
Are there not instances of plays wherein the history is so perverted,
that we can know the heroes whom they celebrate by no other marks than
their names? nay, do we not find the same character placed by different
poets in such different lights, that we can discover not the least
sameness, or even likeness, in the features? The Sophonisba of Mairet and
of Lee is a tender, passionate, amorous mistress of Massinissa: Corneille
and Mr. Thomson give her no other passion but the love of her country,
and make her as cool in her affection to Massinissa as to Syphax. In the
two latter she resembles the character of Queen Elizabeth; in the two
former she is the picture of Mary Queen of Scotland. In short, the one
Sophonisba is as different from the other as the Brutus of Voltaire is
from the Marius, jun., of Otway, or as the Minerva is from the Venus of
the ancients.
Let us now proceed to a regular examination of the tragedy before us, in
which I shall treat separately of the Fable, the Moral, the Characters,
the Sentiments, and the Diction. And first of the Fable; which I take
to be the most simple imaginable; and, to use the words of an eminent
author, "one, regular, and uniform, not charged with a multiplicity of
incidents, and yet affording several revolutions of fortune, by which
the passions may be excited, varied, and driven to their full tumult of
emotion." Nor is the action of this tragedy less great than uniform. The
spring of all is the love of Tom Thumb for Huncamunca; which caused the
quarrel between their majesties in the first act; the passion of Lord
Grizzle in the second; the rebellion, fall of Lord Grizzle and Glumdalca,
devouring of Tom Thumb by the cow, and that bloody catastrophe, in the
third.
Nor is the Moral of this excellent tragedy less noble than the Fable;
it teaches these two instructive lessons, viz., that human happiness is
exceeding transient, and that death is the certain end of all men: the
former whereof is inculcated by the fatal end of Tom Thumb; the latter,
by that of all the other personages.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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