[319] 'There they exerted themselves most actively,' _eo_ having the meaning of _eo loco_, or _ibi_. [320] 'More upon themselves than upon others.' See Zumpt, S 725. [321] 'One might observe them.' Zumpt, S 528, note 2. [322] _Sicuti--possent_, 'just as if,' as _sicut_, like _quasi_, is used for _velut_. See chap. 31. For it is not possible that the two places of the struggle, near the walls of Zama, and on the other side of the Roman camp, should have been so near that the men could hear one another, or even distinctly see the separate charges. [323] _Niti corporibus_, 'to exert one's self bodily,' inasmuch as the body of the combatants is sometimes moved forward, and sometimes backward. The plural _corpora_ is as common in Latin as _animi_, when several persons are spoken of. [324] _Sine tumultu_, 'without disturbance' or 'hindrance.' [325] _Astrictus_, 'fixed intent,' whose attention was entirely directed to the contest at a distance. _Occupatis_ also might have been used. 61. Metellus, postquam videt frustra inceptum neque oppidum capi, neque Jugurtham nisi ex insidiis aut suo loco pugnam facere, et jam aestatem exactam esse, ab Zama discedit et in iis urbibus, quae ad se[326] defecerant, satisque munitae loco aut moenibus erant, praesidia imponit; ceterum exercitum in provinciam, quae proxima est Numidiae, hiemandi gratia collocat. Neque id tempus ex aliorum more quieti aut luxuriae concedit, sed quoniam armis bellum parum procedebat, insidias regi per amicos tendere et eorum perfidia pro armis uti parat. Igitur Bomilcarem, qui Romae cum Jugurtha fuerat et inde vadibus datis clam Massivae de nece judicium fugerat, quod ei per maximam amicitiam maxima copia fallendi erat, multis pollicitationibus aggreditur. Ac primo efficit, uti ad se colloquendi gratia occultus veniat, dein fide data, si Jugurtham vivum aut necatum sibi tradidisset, fore, ut illi senatus impunitatem et sua omnia concederet, facile Numidae persuadet, cum ingenio infido,[327] tum metunti, ne, si pax cum Romanis fieret, ipse per condiciones ad supplicium traderetur. [326] _Ad eum_, or _ad illum_, would have been strictly grammatical; and as Sallust uses _ad se_, it would have been more consistent to use the subjunctive _defecissent_; but the indicative is necessary, because a fact is to be expressed. All doubts would have been removed by _ad ipsum_, for this pronoun would turn our attention away from the secondary subject, _urbes_, and direct it to the leading subject, Metellus. But the ancient authors do not very often use this pronoun where _is_ or _sui_, _sibi_, _se_, can be employed. Compare chap. 66, and Zumpt, S 550. [327] That is, _Bomilcar ingenio infidus erat et metuebat_.