Caesar, Julius; Rome -- History -- Republic, 265-30 B.C.
Ptolemy of Cyprus had been disposed of. Ptolemy Auletes had been
preserved on the throne of Egypt by subsidies to the chiefs of the
Senate. But his subjects had been hardly taxed to raise the money. The
Cyprus affair had further exasperated them, and when Ptolemy laid on
fresh impositions the Alexandrians mutinied and drove him out. His
misfortunes being due to his friends at Rome, he came thither to beg
the Romans to replace him. The Senate agreed unanimously that he must
be restored to his throne. But then the question rose, who should be
the happy person who was to be the instrument of his reinstatement?
Alexandria was rich. An enormous fine could be exacted for the
rebellion, besides what might be demanded from Ptolemy's gratitude. No
prize so splendid had yet been offered to Roman avarice, and the
patricians quarrelled over it like jackals over a bone. Lentulus
Spinther, the late consul, was now Governor of Cilicia; Gabinius was
Governor of Syria; and each of these had their advocates. Cicero and
the respectable conservatives were for Spinther; Pompey was for
Gabinius. Others wished Pompey himself to go; others wished for Crassus.
[Sidenote: B.C. 56.] Meanwhile, the poor Egyptians themselves claimed a
right to be heard in protest against the reimposition upon them of a
sovereign who had made himself abhorred. Why was Ptolemy to be forced
on them? A hundred of the principal Alexandrians came to Italy with a
remonstrance; and had they brought money with them they might have had
a respectful hearing. But they had brought none or not enough, and
Ptolemy, secure of his patrons' support, hired a party of banditti, who
set on the deputation when it landed, and killed the greater part of
its members. Dion, the leader of the embassy, escaped for a time. There
was still a small party among the aristocracy (Cato and Cato's
followers) who had a conscience in such things; and Favonius, one of
them, took up Dion's cause. Envoys and allied sovereigns or provinces,
he said, were continually being murdered. Noble lords received
hush-money, and there had been no inquiry. Such things happened too
often, and ought to be stopped. The Senate voted decently to send for
Dion and examine him. But Favonius was privately laughed at as "Cato's
ape;" the unfortunate Dion was made away with, and Pompey took Ptolemy
into his own house and openly entertained him there. Pompey would
himself perhaps have undertaken the restoration, but the Senate was
jealous. His own future was growing uncertain; and eventually, without
asking for a consent which the Senate would have refused to give, he
sent his guest to Syria with a charge to his friend Gabinius to take
him back on his own responsibility.[12]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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