Caesar, Julius; Rome -- History -- Republic, 265-30 B.C.
them he was willing that the occupants should have compensation. But
they had no right to the lands themselves. Gracchus persisted that the
_ager publicus_ belonged to the people, and that the race of yeomen,
for whose protection the law had been originally passed, must be
re-established on their farms. No form of property gives to its owners
so much consequence as land, and there is no point on which in every
country an aristocracy is more sensitive. The large owners protested
that they had purchased their interests on the faith that the law was
obsolete. They had planted and built and watered with the sanction of
the government, and to call their titles in question was to shake the
foundations of society. The popular party pointed to the statute. The
monopolists were entitled in justice to less than was offered them.
They had no right to a compensation at all. Political passion awoke
again after the sleep of a century. The oligarchy had doubtless
connived at the accumulations. The suppression of the small holdings
favored their supremacy, and placed the elections more completely in
their control. Their military successes had given them so long a tenure
of power that they had believed it to be theirs in perpetuity; and the
new sedition, as they called it, threatened at once their privileges
and their fortunes. The quarrel assumed the familiar form of a struggle
between the rich and the poor, and at such times the mob of voters
becomes less easy to corrupt. They go with their order, as the prospect
of larger gain makes them indifferent to immediate bribes. It became
clear that the majority of the citizens would support Tiberius
Gracchus, but the constitutional forms of opposition might still be
resorted to. Octavius Caecina, another of the tribunes, had himself
large interests in the land question. He was the people's magistrate,
one of the body appointed especially to defend their rights, but he
went over to the Senate, and, using a power which undoubtedly belonged
to him, he forbade the vote to be taken.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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