Caesar, Julius; Rome -- History -- Republic, 265-30 B.C.
It may be supposed that he had witnessed Sylla's coming to Rome, the
camp-fires in the Forum, the Octavian massacre, the return of his uncle
and Cinna, and the bloody triumph of the party to which his father
belonged. He was just at the age when such scenes make an indelible
impression; and the connection of his family with Marius suggests
easily the persons whom he must have most often seen, and the
conversation to which he must have listened at his father's table. His
most intimate companions were the younger Marius, the adopted son of
his uncle; and, singularly enough, the two Ciceros, Marcus and his
brother Quintus, who had been sent by their father to be educated at
Rome. The connection of Marius with Arpinum was perhaps the origin of
the intimacy. The great man may have heard of his fellow-townsman's
children being in the city, and have taken notice of them. Certain, at
any rate, it is that these boys grew up together on terms of close
familiarity.[2]
Marius had observed his nephew, and had marked him for promotion.
During the brief fortnight of his seventh consulship he gave him an
appointment which reminds us of the boy-bishops of the middle ages. He
made him _flamen dialis_, or priest of Jupiter, and a member of the
Sacred College, with a handsome income, when he was no more than
fourteen. Two years later, during the rule of Cinna, his father
arranged a marriage for him with a lady of fortune named Cossutia. But
the young Caesar had more ambitious views for himself. His father died
suddenly at Pisa, in B.C. 84; he used his freedom to break off his
engagement, and instead of Cossutia he married Cornelia, the daughter
of no less a person than the all-powerful Cinna himself. If the date
commonly received for Caesar's birth is correct, he was still only in
his seventeenth year. Such connections were rarely formed at an age so
premature; and the doubt is increased by the birth of his daughter,
Julia, in the year following. Be this as it may, a marriage into
Cinna's family connected Caesar more closely than ever with the popular
party. Thus early and thus definitively he committed himself to the
politics of his uncle and his father-in-law; and the comparative quiet
which Rome and Italy enjoyed under Cinna's administration may have left
a permanent impression upon him.
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