As the Kiowa and associated Apache are two typical and extremely interesting plains tribes, about which little is known and almost nothing has been printed, the introductory tribal sketch has been made more extended than would otherwise have been the case. As they ranged within the historic period from Canada to central Mexico and from Arkansas to the borders of California, they came in contact with nearly all the tribes on this side of the Columbia river region and were visitors in peace or war at most of the military and trading posts within the same limits. For this reason whatever seemed to have important bearing on the Indian subject has been incorporated in the maps with the purpose that the work might serve as a substantial basis for any future historical study of the plains tribes. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments are due to Captain H. L. Scott, Seventh cavalry, U. S. A., Fort Sill, Oklahoma, for much valuable material and friendly assistance; to ex-agent Lawrie Tatum, Springdale, Iowa, for photographs and manuscript information; to Thomas C. Battey, Mosk, Ohio, former Kiowa teacher, and to Mrs Elizabeth Haworth, Olathe, Kansas, widow of former agent J. M. Haworth, for photographs; to Caroline M. Brooke, Washington Grove, Maryland, for assistance in correspondence; to Philip Walker, esquire, Washington, D. C., for translations; to De Lancey W. Gill and assistants of the division of illustrations in the United States Geological Survey; to Andres Martinez and Father Isidore Ricklin, of Anadarko, Oklahoma, for efficient aid in many directions; to Timothy Peet, Anadarko, Oklahoma, to L. A. Whatley, Huntsville, Texas, and to my Kiowa assistants, Setk'opte, Setĭmkía, ´dalpepte, Tébodal, Gaápiatañ, Sett'an, Anko, and others. SKETCH OF THE KIOWA TRIBE TRIBAL SYNONYMY _Be´shĭltcha_--Na-isha Apache name. _Datŭmpa´ta_--Hidatsa name, according to old T'ebodal. Perhaps another form of _Witapähätu_ or _Witapätu_, q. v. _Gâ´-i-gwŭ_--The proper name as used by the tribe, and also the name of one of the tribal divisions. The name may indicate a people having two halves or parts of the body or face painted in different colors (see the glossary). From this come all the various forms of Caygua and Kiowa. _Cahiaguas_--Escudero, Noticias Nuevo Mexico, 87, 1849. _Cahiguas_--Ibid., 83. _Caiawas_--H. R. Rept., 44th Cong., 1st sess., I, 299, 1876. _Caigua_--Spanish document of 1735, title in Rept. Columbian Hist. Exposition, Madrid, 323, 1895. _Caihuas_--Document of 1828, in Soc. Geogr. Mex., 265, 1870. This form occurs also in Mayer, Mexico, II, 123, 1853. _Caiwas_--American Pioneer, I, 257, 1842. _Cargua_--Spanish document of 1732, title in Rept. Columbian Hist. Exp., Madrid, 323, 1895 (for Caigua). _Cayanwa_--Lewis, Travels, 15, 1809 (for Cayauwa). _Caycuas_--Barreiro, Ojeada Sobre Nuevo Mexico, app., 10, 1832.