Cambridge (England) -- History; University of Cambridge -- History
"Like the great modern Order (of the Jesuists) which, when their
methods had in their turn become antiquated, succeeded to their
influence by a still further departure from the old monastic
routine, the mendicant Orders early perceived the necessity of
getting a hold upon the centres of education. With the Dominicans
indeed this was a primary object: the immediate purpose of their
foundation was resistance to this Albigensian heresy; they aimed at
obtaining influence upon the more educated and more powerful
classes. Hence it was natural that Dominic should have looked to
the universities as the most suitable recruiting ground for his
Order: to secure for his Preachers the highest theological training
that the age afforded was an essential element of the new monastic
ideal.... The Franciscan ideal was a less intellectual one ... but
though the Franciscans laboured largely among the neglected poor of
crowded and pestilential cities, they too found it practically
necessary to go to the universities for recruits and to secure some
theological education for their members."[16]
The Black Friars of S. Dominic arrived in England in 1221. The Grey
Friars of S. Francis in 1224. The Dominicans met with the least success
at first, but this was fully compensated by the rapid progress of the
Franciscans. Very soon after the coming of the Grey Friars they had
formed a settlement at Oxford, under the auspices of the greatest
scholar-bishop of the age, Grosseteste of Lincoln, and had built their
first rude chapel at Cambridge. In the early days, however, the
followers of S. Francis made a hard fight against the taste for
sumptuous buildings and for the greater personal comfort which
characterised the time. "I did not enter into religion to build walls,"
protested an English Provincial of the Order when the brethren begged
for a larger convent. But at Cambridge the first humble house of the
Grey Friars, which had been founded in 1224 in "the old Synagogue," was
shortly removed to a site at the corner of Bridge Street and Jesus
Lane--now occupied by Sidney Sussex College--and that noble church
commenced, which, three centuries later, at the time of the Dissolution,
the University vainly endeavoured to save for itself, having for some
time used it for the ceremony of Commencement.[17] But of this we shall
have to speak later in our account of the Foundation of Sidney College.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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