CAMBRIDGE PAPERS. MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited LONDON · BOMBAY · CALCUTTA · MADRAS MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK · BOSTON · CHICAGO DALLAS · SAN FRANCISCO THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd. TORONTO CAMBRIDGE PAPERS BY W.W. ROUSE BALL FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED ST MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON 1918 [_All rights reserved_] PREFACE. This volume contains papers on some questions of local history put together, mostly for undergraduate societies and magazines, at various times during the last twenty-five years. I have included a memoir, written for a London Society, on Newton's _Principia_, a work that profoundly affected the development of University studies in the eighteenth century, and a chapter on the History of the Mathematical Tripos, which at one time appeared in my _Mathematical Recreations and Essays_, since these are concerned with Cambridge subjects. I print the papers, whether long or short, and whether read at length or, as was more often the case, curtailed in delivery, substantially in the form in which they were first written. This leaves allusions which bear evidence to their domestic origin, and involves, in those of them dealing with cognate subjects, some repetition of facts. If these are defects they could be removed only by rewriting much of what appears here; it seems to me preferable to let the essays stand in their original forms, save occasionally for the addition of a paragraph or sentence dealing with what has happened since they were first presented. The dates in the text are reckoned in the modern style, taking the year as beginning on the first day of January. W.W. ROUSE BALL. Trinity College, Cambridge. _January, 1918._ TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE Preface v =Part I. Concerning Trinity College.= Chapter I. The Foundation of Trinity College 3 Chapter II. The Tutorial System 26 Chapter III. The Westminster Scholars 48 Chapter IV. The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Undergraduates 71 Chapter V. The College Chapel 84 Chapter VI. Some College Treasures 104 Chapter VII. The College Auditors 127 Chapter VIII. Wren's Designs for the Library 144 Chapter IX. A Christmas Journey in 1319 154 Chapter X. An Outline of the College Story 161 =Part II. Concerning the University.= Chapter XI. The Beginnings of the University 179 Chapter XII. Discipline 194 Chapter XIII. Newton's _Principia_ 225 Chapter XIV. Newton on University Studies 244 Chapter XV. The Mathematical Tripos 252 Index 317 PART I.